Threshold voltage decrease in a thermotropic nematic liquid crystal doped with graphene oxide flakes

Mrukiewicz, Mateusz; Kowiorski, Krystian; Perkowski, P.; Mazur, Rafał; Djas, Małgorzata

doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.7

Cited by 29 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The elastic constant is a parameter characterizing the elastic interaction between the LC molecules. When BNA is dispersed in LCs, the K 11 of LC mixture also reflects the interaction between the LC molecules and the BNA dopant 40 . For the BNA-LCs composite, K 11 can be roughly estimated by substituting Δε and V th according to Eq.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro-optical effects of organic N-benzyl-2-methyl-4-nitroaniline dispersion in nematic liquid crystals

Selvaraj

Karthick

Brahadeeswaran

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The dispersion of organic N-benzyl-2-methyl-4-nitroaniline (BNA) in nematic liquid crystals (LCs) is studied. BNA doping decreases the threshold voltage of cell because of the reduced splay elastic constant and increased dielectric anisotropy of the LC mixture. When operated in the high voltage difference condition, the BNA-doped LC cell has a fall time that is five times faster than that of the pure one because of the decrements in the threshold voltage of the cell and rotational viscosity of the LC mixture. The additional restoring force induced by the BNA's spontaneous polarization electric field (SPEF) also assists to decrease the fall time of the LC cell. The decreased viscosity can be deduced from the decrements in phase transition temperature and associated order parameter of the LC mixture. Density functional theory calculation demonstrates that the BNA dopant strengthens the absorbance for blue light, enhances the molecular interaction energy and dipole moment, decreases the molecular energy gap, and thus increases the permittivity of the LC mixture. The calculation also shows that the increased dipole moment, polarizability, and polarizability anisotropy increase the dielectric anisotropy of the LC mixture, which agrees with the experimental results well. BNA doping has a promising application to the fields of LC devices and displays. Nematic liquid crystals (LCs) are extraordinarily responsive and optically uniaxial materials. Nematic LCs have been extensively used in diverse applications, such as optical nonlinearity, optical phase modulators, microdisplays, flat panel displays, optical antennas, and optical switching, due to their electro-optical property and other admirable features 1-5. LCs with a fast response are vital in removing motion blur in moving pictures and resolving cross-talk in 3D displays 6-9. The response time of LCs should be less than 3 ms to diminish motion blur and cross-talk. Several techniques have been proposed to resolve this issue, and they include tuning the viscosity of materials 10 , varying the anchoring energy 11 , changing the electrode shape and driving scheme 12 , changing the cell gap 13 , modifying the guest-host material 14 , and applying new switching modes 15. The improvements in the electro-optical properties of LCs with the dispersion of different gust entities were presented recently. For example, Y. Dai et al. demonstrated that the incorporation of γ-Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles into LCs results in a response time of 4.75 ms with the application of the overdriving scheme, which is three times faster than pure LCs 16. A response time of around 4 ms was obtained with the addition of a small amount of dye to a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) or functionalized carbon nanotubes dispersed in optically isotropic LCs. However, in this case, the excellent response speed is valid only for operation at a relatively high voltage 17,18. Blue-phase LCs have a response time of 0.5 ms, but they still have drawbacks, such as hysteresis, high operation voltage, and narrow t...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro-optical effects of organic N-benzyl-2-methyl-4-nitroaniline dispersion in nematic liquid crystals

Selvaraj

Karthick

Brahadeeswaran

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…This was attributed to the disrupted homogeneous alignment induced by the strong π-π stacking effect between the graphene oxide and the LC molecules' benzene rings. In addition, they presented the dependence of the first-order phase transition temperature, elastic constants, dielectric permittivity and switching duration on the GO doping concentration [229]. Additionally, except for fullerenes, CNTs and GOs, modified physical properties of LC hosts can also arise from other carbon nanoparticles including carbon dots [230], detonation nanodiamonds [231] and graphene quantum dots [232].…”

Section: Modification Of Physical Properties Of Lc Materials By Nanodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives in Liquid-Crystal-Aided Nanotechnology and Nanoscience

2019

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The research field of liquid crystals and their applications is recently changing from being largely focused on display applications and optical shutter elements in various fields, to quite novel and diverse applications in the area of nanotechnology and nanoscience. Functional nanoparticles have recently been used to a significant extent to modify the physical properties of liquid crystals by the addition of ferroelectric and magnetic particles of different shapes, such as arbitrary and spherical, rods, wires and discs. Also, particles influencing optical properties are increasingly popular, such as quantum dots, plasmonic, semiconductors and metamaterials. The self-organization of liquid crystals is exploited to order templates and orient nanoparticles. Similarly, nanoparticles such as rods, nanotubes and graphene oxide are shown to form lyotropic liquid crystal phases in the presence of isotropic host solvents. These effects lead to a wealth of novel applications, many of which will be reviewed in this publication. the observation of chirality from achiral molecules, resulting from sterically induced packing of the bent-core mesogens [10], such as ferroelectricity or the formation of helical superstructures in the B7 phase [14]. Thermotropic LCs are commonly constituted by single organic entities or mixtures thereof, which exhibit various mesophases at different temperatures or pressures [15], illustrated in Figure 1b. As the temperature rises, a typical thermotropic LC passes through higher ordered phases, also called soft crystals, the hexatic smectic phases with positional order as well as bond orientational order, through the fluid smectic phases (SmC and SmA), which exhibit both positional and orientational order, and finally to the nematic phase (N) with purely orientational order, into the isotropic phase. The number of different phases observed depends on the chemical composition, symmetry and order of the LC molecules. About 25 different thermotropic phases are known to date, and they are still increasing in number. Appl. Sci. 2019, 9, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 47 unique effects of the observation of chirality from achiral molecules, resulting from sterically induced packing of the bent-core mesogens [10], such as ferroelectricity or the formation of helical superstructures in the B7 phase [14]. Thermotropic LCs are commonly constituted by single organic entities or mixtures thereof, which exhibit various mesophases at different temperatures or pressures [15], illustrated in Figure 1b. As the temperature rises, a typical thermotropic LC passes through higher ordered phases, also called soft crystals, the hexatic smectic phases with positional order as well as bond orientational order, through the fluid smectic phases (SmC and SmA), which exhibit both positional and orientational order, and finally to the nematic phase (N) with purely orientational order, into the isotropic phase. The number of different phases observed depends on the chemical composition, symmetry and order of the LC molecules. About...

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“…Graphene is a two-dimensional, one-atom-thick layer of carbon, in which atoms are oriented in a hexagonal crystal lattice. The promising and appealing properties of graphene-based materials are widely used in many research-oriented fields, like fuel cells [ 1 , 2 ], batteries [ 3 , 4 ], screens [ 5 , 6 ], sensors [ 7 , 8 ], flexible electronics [ 9 , 10 ], tissue engineering [ 11 , 12 ], and membranes [ 13 , 14 ]. Moreover, their unique features result in an increase of materials’ mechanical strength, electrical and thermal conductivity, and surface area and flexibility [ 15 , 16 , 17 ], making them the most preferred choice in experimental procedures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and Chemical Purity of Water Suspension of Graphene Oxide FLAKES Aged for 14 Months in Ambient Conditions. A Preliminary Study

et al. 2021

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Graphene and its derivatives have attracted scientists’ interest due to their exceptional properties, making them alluring candidates for multiple applications. However, still little is known about the properties of as-obtained graphene derivatives during long-term storage. The aim of this study was to check whether or not 14 months of storage time impacts graphene oxide flakes’ suspension purity. Complementary micro and nanoscale characterization techniques (SEM, AFM, EDS, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and elemental combustion analysis) were implemented for a detailed description of the topography and chemical properties of graphene oxide flakes. The final step was pH evaluation of as-obtained and aged samples. Our findings show that purified flakes sustained their purity over 14 months of storage.

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Threshold voltage decrease in a thermotropic nematic liquid crystal doped with graphene oxide flakes

Cited by 29 publications

References 42 publications

Electro-optical effects of organic N-benzyl-2-methyl-4-nitroaniline dispersion in nematic liquid crystals

Electro-optical effects of organic N-benzyl-2-methyl-4-nitroaniline dispersion in nematic liquid crystals

Perspectives in Liquid-Crystal-Aided Nanotechnology and Nanoscience

Morphology and Chemical Purity of Water Suspension of Graphene Oxide FLAKES Aged for 14 Months in Ambient Conditions. A Preliminary Study

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