Threshold Voltage Control in Dual‐Gate Organic Electrochemical Transistors

Abstract

Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) based on Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) are a benchmark system in organic bioelectronics. In particular, the superior mechanical properties and the ionic-electronic transduction yield excellent potential for the field of implantable or wearable sensing technology. However, depletion-mode operation PEDOT:PSS-based OECTs cause high static power dissipation in electronic circuits, limiting their application in electronic systems. Hence, having control over the threshold voltage is of utmost technological importance. Here we demonstrate PEDOT:PSS-based dual-gate OECTs with solid-state electrolyte where the threshold voltage is seamlessly adjustable during operation. We show that the degree of threshold voltage tuning linearly depends on the gate capacitance, which is a straightforward approach for circuit designers to adjust the threshold voltage only by the device dimensions. The PEDOT:PSS-based dual-gate OECTs show excellent device performance and can be pushed to accumulation-mode operation, resulting in a simplified and relaxed design of complementary inverters.

Device Physics, Modeling and Simulation of Organic Electrochemical Transistors

“…The microscopic image of the fabricated OECT is shown in Fig. 1(a) and the details of the fabricated OECTs can be found in [9], [14]. Fig.…”

“…As solid-state electrolyte technology advances [9], [12], [13], OECTs have enormous potential to be integrated into wearable or even implantable electronic systems with intelligent function. Furthermore, the simple manufacturing and good yield of OECTs promise a good scaling solution [14]. The synaptic performance of OECTs are due to the electrochemical gate operation principle rather than electrostatic in their field-effect counterpart [15], [16].…”

In Liquido Computation with Electrochemical Transistors and Mixed Conductors for Intelligent Bioelectronics

“…Therefore, a channel will be switched on and off almost identically by any gate immersed in solution. [ 33 ] Equation () breaks down if the gates are not identical. Different size brings about different capacitance which must be summed in parallel.…”

“…Therefore, a channel will be switched on and off almost identically by any gate immersed in solution. [33] Equation ( 5) breaks down if the gates are not identical.…”

In-Liquido Computation with Electrochemical Transistors and Mixed Conductors for Intelligent Bioelectronics

“…Importantly, in the static regime, the distance between channel and gate does not matter as long as the electrolyte provides good ionic conduction. Therefore, a channel will be switched on and off almost identically by any gate immersed in solution [30]. Eq.…”