Threshold Size Effects in the Patterned Crystallization of Hybrid Halide Perovskites for Random Lasing

Abstract

A threshold effect in the periodical patterning of the hybrid halide perovskites and a directional output coupling effect in the incoherent random lasing from the patterned materials are reported. Using 1D gratings, the random crystallization process is confined into the grating grooves, producing continuous microstrips of CH3NH3PbBr3 along the groove channels. However, the confinement is strongly dependent on the width of the grating grooves, which can be optimized by tuning the patterning periods. It is thus discovered that the most orderly arranged crystal strips are achieved for a grating period of 10 μm, corresponding to a channel width of about 5 μm, which is the lower limit for the formation of continuous crystal strips. Complicated interfaces inside such randomly organized multicrystals supplied scattering centers for optical gain mechanisms. Thus, incoherent random lasing actions are observed for all of these patterned structures, however, the best lasing performance is achieved for a grating period of 10 μm, which agrees with the highest quality of the crystal strips. The patterned substrate with a 1D grating supplies mechanisms for directional crystallization of hybrid halide perovskites and directional output coupling of random laser emission, enhancing significantly the practical application possibilities of such random lasers.

Metal Halide Perovskites toward Electrically Pumped Lasers

“…The aminated SiO 2 (A-SiO 2 ) spheres were distinctively prepared to stimulate the nucleation and growth of perovskite QDs on the surface of silica spheres (Figure 12c), contributing to monodispersed CsPbBr 3 QDs. [52] [38] MAPbI 3 thin films 355 nm, 1 ns, 1 kHz RT 775 102 0.4 2016 [227] MAPbI 3 thin films 355 nm, 0.5 ns, 1 kHz RT 230 3 2016 [228] CsPbBr 3 QD films 400 nm, 100 fs, 1 kHz RT 539 970 6 2016 [224] CsPbBr 3 QDs@A-SiO 2 composite films 400 nm, 100 fs, 1 kHz RT 40 <1 2 0 1 7 [52] (BA) [51] MAPbBr 3 thin films 400 nm, 35 fs, 1 kHz RT ≈550 108 k 6 2018 [231] MAPbBr 3 thin films 800 nm, 35 fs, 1 kHz RT ≈550 750 5 2018 [231] MAPbBr 3 thin films 1300 nm, 35 fs, 1 kHz RT ≈550 27 k 5 2018 [231] CsPbBr 3 QDs@glass 800 nm, 50 fs, 1 kHz 77 ≈532 200 <1 2018 [230] MAPbI 3 thin films 532 nm, 400 ps, 500 Hz RT 780 10 6 2018 [154] MAPbBr 3 thin films 355 nm, 0.5 ns, 1 kHz RT 546 2.5 k 1.8 2019 [232] MAPbBr 3 thin films 400 nm, 100 fs, 1 kHz RT ≈554 17-30 2019 [226] CsPbBr 3 QDs 800 nm, 50 fs, 1 kHz 534 980 1.5 2020 [83] MAPbBr 3 thin films 400 nm, 150 fs, 1 kHz 550 10-15 2021 [229] MAPbBr 3 QDs-metal-organic frameworks 490 nm, 25 ps, 10 Hz 550 0.38 k 1.2 2021 [233] The anchoring and isolation significantly improved PL intensity and stability of CsPbBr 3 QDs. Under UV light, the crystal phase and the PL intensity remained comparable to the initial value when stored under ambient conditions for more than 40 days.…”

Recent Patterning Methods for Halide Perovskite Nanoparticles

“…Research into the application of perovskite layers patterned via templates is actively being conducted. [39][40][41][42][43] Recent research results indicate inefficiencies when applying an unpatterned perovskite to a laser, and research has also been reported upon patterned perovskites whose characteristics change as the interval is adjusted. Therefore, further research is required to apply these findings to lasers employing patterns with optimized intervals.…”

Substrate Effects on the Random Lasing Performance of Solution-Processed Hybrid-Perovskite Multicrystal Film

“…Lasing performance and devices in various forms have been explored extensively for hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Random lasers based on these materials are also reported on the basis of different random structures and optical mechanisms [7][8][9][10]. Multicrystalline structures with randomly distributed interfaces have supplied the optical scattering centers in most of the cases.…”