Threshold of hearing in free field for high-frequency tones from 1 to 20 kHz

Kurakata, Kenji; Ashihara, Kaoru; Matsushita, Kazuma; Tamai, Hideki; Ihara, Yukitoshi

doi:10.1250/ast.24.398

Cited by 9 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(2 reference statements)

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“…This figure plots the skewness that the authors derived from two sets of threshold data for 89 individuals [4,19]. It is observed that the skewness deviates from zero at frequencies of 10,000 Hz and above.…”

Section: Measurement Conditions Of Hearing Thresholdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, threshold data of 89 individuals that the authors collected [4,19] were used for statistical analyses. The results of a test for the goodness of fit to a normal distribution showed that deviation of the data from a normal distribution was not statistically significant at frequencies of 1,000 Hz to 16,000 Hz.…”

Section: Measurement Conditions Of Hearing Thresholdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, threshold distributions of four datasets, two measured by the authors [4,19] and the other two referred from the literature [13,14], were examined in terms of their asymmetry and peakedness. These two measures respectively resembled skewness and kurtosis, but they differed in that they were calculable using the 25th and 75th percentiles reported in the literature.…”

Section: Measurement Conditions Of Hearing Thresholdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Choosing the values of and appropriately ðx À > 0; > 0Þ, the distribution of X in the power-transformed domain that best fits a normal distribution can be determined. Thus, by applying the power transformation to the threshold data in [4,13,14,19,21], the standard deviations of threshold distribution at frequencies of 10,000 Hz and above were estimated in the power-transformed domain. Figure 3 presents an example of threshold distributions before and after the power transformation ( ¼ 6:271 and ¼ 0:06283).…”

Section: Measurement Conditions Of Hearing Thresholdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Skewness of hearing threshold distribution at high frequencies. Open and filled circles denote two datasets measured separately for different listener groups [4,19]. Adopted from [7].…”

Section: Measurement Conditions Of Hearing Thresholdmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

How large is the individual difference in hearing sensitivity?: Establishment of ISO 28961 on the statistical distribution of hearing thresholds of otologically normal young persons

Kurakata

Mizunami

Matsushita

2013

Acoust. Sci. & Tech.

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ISO 28961, which describes the statistical distribution of hearing thresholds of otologically normal young persons, was established in 2012. The thresholds are those for pure tones of frontal incidence under binaural listening conditions in a free field. Percentiles of the threshold distribution are calculable as a function of frequency from 20 Hz to 16,000 Hz. This international standard is based on the study results of the present authors, who estimated the form of individual distribution using threshold data in their experiments and those in literature adopted in ISO 226 and ISO 389-7. However, because the results were published separately in four journal papers, users of the standard may encounter difficulty in understanding the process of how the threshold data have been integrated and how the threshold distribution has been determined. Therefore, the authors summarize them in this review paper and present an outline of the threshold distribution estimation so that the standard will be understood correctly and used widely.

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Section: Measurement Conditions Of Hearing Thresholdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Conditions Of Hearing Thresholdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Conditions Of Hearing Thresholdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Conditions Of Hearing Thresholdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Skewness of hearing threshold distribution at high frequencies. Open and filled circles denote two datasets measured separately for different listener groups [4,19]. Adopted from [7].…”

Section: Measurement Conditions Of Hearing Thresholdmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

How large is the individual difference in hearing sensitivity?: Establishment of ISO 28961 on the statistical distribution of hearing thresholds of otologically normal young persons

Kurakata

Mizunami

Matsushita

2013

Acoust. Sci. & Tech.

Self Cite

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Effect of the bandwidth of high-frequency sounds (>8kHz) on loudness

Soeta

Nakagawa

2008

Journal of Sound and Vibration

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Are some people suffering as a result of increasing mass exposure of the public to ultrasound in air?

Leighton¹

2016

Proc. R. Soc. A.

125

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New measurements indicate that the public are being exposed, without their knowledge, to airborne ultrasound. Existing guidelines are insufficient for such exposures; the vast majority refers to occupational exposure only (where workers are aware of the exposure, can be monitored and can wear protection). Existing guidelines are based on an insufficient evidence base, most of which was collected over 40 years ago by researchers who themselves considered it insufficient to finalize guidelines, but which produced preliminary guidelines. This warning of inadequacy was lost as nations and organizations issued ‘new’ guidelines based on these early guidelines, and through such repetition generated a false impression of consensus. The evidence base is so slim that few reports have progressed far along the sequence from anecdote to case study, to formal scientific controlled trials and epidemiological studies. Early studies reported hearing threshold shifts, nausea, headache, fatigue, migraine and tinnitus, but there is insufficient research on human subjects, and insufficient measurement of fields, to assess what health risk current occupational and public exposures might produce. Furthermore, the assumptions underpinning audiology and physical measurements at high frequencies must be questioned: simple extrapolation of approaches used at lower frequencies does not address current unknowns. Recommendations are provided.

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Threshold of hearing in free field for high-frequency tones from 1 to 20 kHz

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

How large is the individual difference in hearing sensitivity?: Establishment of ISO 28961 on the statistical distribution of hearing thresholds of otologically normal young persons

How large is the individual difference in hearing sensitivity?: Establishment of ISO 28961 on the statistical distribution of hearing thresholds of otologically normal young persons

Effect of the bandwidth of high-frequency sounds (>8kHz) on loudness

Are some people suffering as a result of increasing mass exposure of the public to ultrasound in air?

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