Threshold Changes in Auditory Brainstem Response(ABR) Due to the Administration of Kanamycin in Dogs.

Abstract

Auditory brainstem response (ABR) is a useful method in evaluating auditory function in human. To investigate the ABR threshold is more effective than to pursue the trends in each component of ABR. In this study, tone burst sound stimuli were employed and the ABR threshold shift caused by kanamycin administration was investigated in dogs. In a series of monitoring of ABR against short-period auditory lesions, changes in the ABR waveform after intravenous administration of kanamycin were detected. These changes returned gradually and were reversible. The changes in ABR against long-period auditory function disorder were perceived by an increase in the ABR threshold. The ABR threshold shift occurred earlier in the high frequency sounds than in the lower frequency sounds. This is why amino glycoside antibiotics damage the cochlear hair cells in the basal layer and lead to the loss of hearing selectively for high frequency tones. These findings suggest that tracing of the ABR threshold by tone bursts could provide information that has a specificity for frequency in hearing tests and is a useful method in clinical veterinary medicine or/and toxicological tests.

Click and Low‐, Middle‐, and High‐Frequency Toneburst Stimulation of the Canine Cochlea

“…17,18 Frequency-specific information is needed to assess the extent of neurologic deafness, such as noise-induced deafness and that caused by ototoxicity and presbycusis, each of which can be partial and frequency-specific. [18][19][20][21][22][23] Considerable research has been conducted on factors that influence wave latency, amplitude, and thresholds in dogs and on the clinical applicability of these factors. 9,[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Behavioral studies indicate that dogs can hear frequencies up to 45 kHz, 1 considerably higher frequencies than heard by humans, 13 but the tonebursts used in BAER assessment of hearing in dogs have been at frequencies only as high as 8 kHz.…”

Estudo normativo e avaliação da influência da idade no potencial evocado auditivo em cães sem raça definida

“…O potencial evocado auditivo de tronco encefálico (BAEP -Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential) representa atividade elétrica gerada no oitavo nervo craniano e de projeções centrais das vias auditivas, com a utilização de eletrodos que detectam pequenas alterações na atividade bioelétrica em resposta a estímulo acústico específico, frequentemente apresentado na forma de um "clique" (Marshall, 1986;Uzuka et al, 1996;Shiu et al, 1997;Wilson e Mills, 2005).…”

“…Mais comumente, o BAEP é usado para auxiliar o diagnóstico de diversas formas de surdez, particularmente a hereditária e a senil (Strain et al, 1992;Luttgen, 1994;Strain, 1996), para determinar o limiar acústico de animais (Kay et al, 1984;Marshall, 1986) e em estudos para avaliar a ototoxicidade de alguns medicamentos (Uzuka et al, 1996). O exame também auxilia a avaliação da integridade do tronco encefálico, podendo ser usado em animais com trauma craniano, déficits de equilíbrio e em outras condições em que o animal está comatoso e os reflexos de nervos cranianos não podem ser avaliados (Luttgen, 1994;Steiss et al, 1994).…”

Brainstem auditory evoked potential testing in Dalmatian dogs in Brazil

“…Brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) recording is a useful method for evaluating auditory and neurologic functions (Uzuka et al, 1996). The technique involves recording changes in electrical potentials from the surface of the scalp in response to a transient auditory stimulus, commonly in the form of a "click" (Kay et al, 1984).…”

“…Over the past thirty years BAEP testing has been widely used for different purposes in veterinary practice and is commonly used to evaluate deafness, particularly to identify inherited and senile deafness (Strain et al, 1992;Luttgen, 1994;Strain, 1996), to determine a dog's auditory threshold (Kay et al, 1984;Marshall, 1986) and to evaluate drug toxicity (Uzuka et al, 1996). BAEPs provide a robust evaluation of brainstem integrity and can be used in head trauma and inflammatory disease cases, as well as other conditions when an animal is comatose and cranial nerve reflexes cannot be evaluated (Luttgen, 1994;Steiss et al, 1994).…”