Three-year follow-up and clinical implications of a mindfulness meditation-based stress reduction intervention in the treatment of anxiety disorders

Miller, John J.; Fletcher, Ken; Kabat-Zinn, Jon

doi:10.1016/0163-8343(95)00025-m

Cited by 806 publications

(454 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Long-term follow-up surveys have demonstrated maintenance of initial improvements in physical and psychological symptoms among patients with chronic pain [9] and anxiety disorders [11] trained in MBSR. Our 1-year follow-up data also indicate maintenance of initial improvements on several health-related outcome measures, including VT, selfreported medical symptoms, over-all psychological distress, anxiety, and depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another clinical study, patients with anxiety disorders based on DSM-III-R diagnoses experienced significant reductions in anxiety and panic following an 8-week MBSR program [10]. Maintenance of these improvements was retained up to 3 years following the intervention [11]. Kaplan et al [12] examined the effects of a 10-week MBSR program in patients with fibromyalgia and found improvement on scales of pain, sleep, fatigue, and global well-being.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health-related quality of life in a heterogeneous patient population

Reibel

Greeson

Brainard

et al. 2001

General Hospital Psychiatry

331

193

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health-related quality of life in a heterogeneous patient population

Reibel

Greeson

Brainard

et al. 2001

General Hospital Psychiatry

331

193

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…For example, research in mindfulness-based interventions has found decreased depressive relapse (Teasdale et al, 2000), decreased anxiety (J. Miller, Fletcher, & Kabat-Zinn, 1995), enhanced immunological and physiological functioning in cancer patients (Carlson, Speca, Patel, & Goodey, 2004), increased sleep quality (S. L. Shapiro, Bootzin, Lopez, Figueredo, & Schwartz, 2003), and more rapid clearing of psoriasis (Kabat-Zinn et al, 1998).…”

Section: Cognitive Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

Mental balance and well-being: Building bridges between Buddhism and Western psychology.

Wallace

Shapiro

2006

American Psychologist

459

339

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has focused primarily on the diagnosis and treatment of mental disease, and only recently has scientific attention turned to understanding and cultivating positive mental health (Seligman & Csikszentmihalyi, 2000). The Buddhist tradition, on the other hand, has concerned itself over the past 2,500 years with cultivating exceptional states of mental well-being as well as identifying and treating problems of the mind (Smith, 1991). Toward a DialogueAlthough the records of the Buddha's discourses and later commentarial literature within the Buddhist tradition do not elaborate on the theme of "mental health" as such, they do discuss the nature and causes of mental imbalances and techniques for achieving mental well-being. This article draws on centuries of Buddhist experiential and theoretical inquiry to show how a dialogue with Western psychology can be mutually enriching and particularly relevant to current psychological interest in exploring the nature of positive mental health.This article specifically focuses on Buddhism, because it is widely considered the most psychological of all spiritual traditions (Smith, 1991). Buddhism is fundamentally concerned with identifying the inner causes of human suffering, the possibility of freedom from suffering, and the means to realize such freedom. Unlike many religions, it does not begin with arousing faith in a supernatural being but rather with investigating the nature of human experience (Wallace, 1999(Wallace, , 2003. Buddhism presents a worldview that is thoroughly integrated with a discipline of experiential inquiry into the nature of the mind and related phenomena, and it includes empirical, analytical, and religious elements (Segall, 2003). Thus, it can be relevant to philosophical and psychological theory and practice because of its intensive exploration of the mind and its psychological methods to cultivate sustained well-being.To help open up collaborative dialogue between Buddhism and Western psychology, this article introduces a fourfold model of well-being, drawing from Buddhist teachings as well as Western psychology and research. We begin by introducing a definition of well-being, derived from core insights of the Buddha as well as current Western psychological theory and research. We then describe an innovative model of how to cultivate mental well-being, focusing on four types of mental balance: conative, attentional, cognitive, and affective. The model draws on traditional Buddhist theory as well as relevant Western psychological research to demonstrate how dialogue and empirical study can enrich both traditions. Nature and Types of BuddhismAlthough the Buddhist tradition stems from the teachings attributed to the historical Buddha, over the past 2,500 years it has become assimilated with a wide range of cultures throughout Asia, resulting in an equally wide range of sacred writings, theories, and practices. Broadly speaking, Buddhism is commonly classified in terms of Southeast Asian Theravada Buddhism, East Asian Mahayana Buddhism, and Indo-Tibetan Ma...

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“…Mindfulness has also been studied with respect to a number of clinical conditions (Baer, 2003). Mindfulness-based therapies have been used successfully to treat anxiety disorders (Kabat-Zinn et al, 1992;Miller, et al, 1995) and recurrent depression (Ma and Teasdale, 2004;Segal et al, 2002), as well as compulsive behaviors such as substance abuse and binge eating (Kristeller and Hallett, 1999). Mindfulness has even been shown to help in the treatment of medical conditions such as fibromyalgia (Goldenberg et al, 1994), chronic pain (Kabat-Zinn et al, 1985), and skin diseases (Kabat-Zinn et al, 1998).…”

Section: Empirical Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In the Moment: The Effect of Mindfulness on Ethical Decision Making

2010

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Many unethical decisions stem from a lack of awareness. In this article, we consider how mindfulness, an individual's awareness of his or her present experience, impacts ethical decision making. In our first study, we demonstrate that compared to individuals low in mindfulness, individuals high in mindfulness report that they are more likely to act ethically, are more likely to value upholding ethical standards (self-importance of moral identity, SMI), and are more likely to use a principled approach to ethical decision making (formalism). In our second study, we test this relationship with a novel behavioral measure of unethical behavior: the carbonless anagram method (CAM). We find that of participants who cheated, compared to individuals low in mindfulness, individuals high in mindfulness cheated less. Taken THE WHARTON RISK MANAGEMENT AND DECISION PROCESSES CENTEREstablished in 1984, the Wharton Risk Management and Decision Processes Center develops and promotes effective corporate and public policies for low-probability events with potentially catastrophic consequences through the integration of risk assessment, and risk perception with risk management strategies. Natural disasters, technological hazards, and national and international security issues (e.g., terrorism risk insurance markets, protection of critical infrastructure, global security) are among the extreme events that are the focus of the Center's research.The Risk Center's neutrality allows it to undertake large-scale projects in conjunction with other researchers and organizations in the public and private sectors. Building on the disciplines of economics, decision sciences, finance, insurance, marketing and psychology, the Center supports and undertakes field and experimental studies of risk and uncertainty to better understand how individuals and organizations make choices under conditions of risk and uncertainty. Risk Center research also investigates the effectiveness of strategies such as risk communication, information sharing, incentive systems, insurance, regulation and public-private collaborations at a national and international scale. From these findings, the Wharton Risk Center's research team -over 50 faculty, fellows and doctoral students -is able to design new approaches to enable individuals and organizations to make better decisions regarding risk under various regulatory and market conditions. The Center is also concerned with training leading decision makers. It actively engages multiple viewpoints, including top-level representatives from industry, government, international organizations, interest groups and academics through its research and policy publications, and through sponsored seminars, roundtables and forums.More information is available at http://opim.wharton.upenn.edu/risk. Many unethical decisions stem from a lack of awareness. In this article, we consider how mindfulness, an individual's awareness of his or her present experience, impacts ethical decision making. In our first study, we demonstrate that...

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Three-year follow-up and clinical implications of a mindfulness meditation-based stress reduction intervention in the treatment of anxiety disorders

Cited by 806 publications

References 21 publications

Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health-related quality of life in a heterogeneous patient population

Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health-related quality of life in a heterogeneous patient population

Mental balance and well-being: Building bridges between Buddhism and Western psychology.

In the Moment: The Effect of Mindfulness on Ethical Decision Making

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