Three-Year Efficacy and Safety of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Treatment for Chronic Hepatitis B

Heathcote, E. Jenny; Marcellin, Patrick; Buti, María; Gane, Edward; Man, Robert A. de; Krastev, Zahary; Germanidis, G.; Lee, Samuel S.; Flisiak, Robert; Kaita, Kelly; Manns, Michael P.; Kotzev, Iskren; Tchernev, К.; Buggisch, Peter; Weilert, Frank; Kurdaş, Oya Övünç; Shiffman, Mitchell L.; Trinh, Huy N.; Gürel, Selım; Snow–Lampart, Andrea; Borroto–Esoda, Katyna; Mondou, Elsa; Anderson, Jane; Sorbel, J.; Rousseau, Franck

doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2010.10.011

Cited by 423 publications

(392 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Recent liver society guidelines recommended the use of entecavir or tenofovir as first-line therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B and an indication for nucleoside/nucleotide analogues, because both drugs potently inhibit the HBV reverse transcriptase and have a high barrier to resistance. Entecavir and tenofovir have been shown to efficiently maintain suppression of HBV DNA levels for prolonged periods of time in the vast majority of treated patients [17][18][19]. As a result, most patients who started therapy with other drugs currently receive entecavir and/or tenofovir as part of their treatment regimen in areas where these drugs are available and reimbursed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) kinetics during nucleoside/nucleotide analogue therapy: Finite treatment duration unlikely

Chevaliez

Hézode

Bahrami

et al. 2013

Journal of Hepatology

215

166

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent three-year study with tenofovir, a small number of patients who lost HBsAg had a rapid HBsAg level decline. In the remaining patients, HBsAg levels remained high [18,30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) kinetics during nucleoside/nucleotide analogue therapy: Finite treatment duration unlikely

Chevaliez

Hézode

Bahrami

et al. 2013

Journal of Hepatology

215

166

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“…Long-term treatment with NAs is recommended to prevent virological relapse, particularly in HBeAg-positive patients who do not develop anti-HBe seroconversion and in patients with cirrhosis irrespective of the HBeAg status (26). An effective long-term control of HBV replication has been associated with a significant reduction of inflammation, fibrosis, as well as a partial reversion of cirrhosis (37)(38)(39)(40). Moreover, patients with cirrhosis under NAs treatment showed lower HCC incidence rates in comparison to untreated patients (41).…”

Section: Nucleos(t)ide Analogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Hepatitis B Treatment: Current Perspectives on Telbivudine

Caviglia¹,

Rosso²,

Olivero³

et al. 2017

Istanbul Med J

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a small-enveloped DNA virus that belongs to the Hepadnaviridae family, representing the second greatest cause of chronic viral hepatitis worldwide (1). Despite decades of vaccination, HBV infection is still a major global burden, with 257 million persons chronically infected and approximately 880,000 deaths per year (2). Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is the result of an acute, unresolved infection that induces an immune-mediated liver damage followed by fibrotic tissue deposition leading overtime to a complete alteration of the hepatic architecture toward cirrhosis and its complications, such as liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (3, 4).Remarkable advances have been made in the setting of CHB treatment (5). In particular, the development of new molecular biology techniques in association with an ever deeper understanding of the different phases of HBV infection and primarily the introduction of nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) are the main features that may lead to the virological cure in the near term and the functional cure in the long-term follow-up (6).This review discusses the current available drugs and treatment guidelines for CHB therapy focusing on telbivudine (LtD), a thymidine analog that has demonstrated unique features that make the abovementioned drug still valid even in the era of new powerful anti-viral agents. HBV Virology and Replication CycleHBV structure Hepatitis B virus structure consists of an outer envelope made of three viral surface proteins named preS1 (large), preS2 (middle), and S (small), which correspond to the serologic HBsantigen (HBsAg), and an inner nucleocapsid formed by core proteins, which correspond to HBcore-antigen (HBcAg) (7). Within the nucleocapsid is present the full-length HBV genome as a partially double-stranded relaxed circular (rc) DNA linked to the viral polymerase protein by a phosphotyrosine bond (8). The genome has an extremely compact organization displaying four partially overlapped major open reading frames (ORFs): the preS/S that encodes the three viral surface proteins, the pre-core/core that encodes both the nucleocapsid core protein and the non-structural core protein known as the e-antigen (HBeAg); the polymerase ORF that encodes the viral polymerase; and the X ORF that encodes the regulatory X protein that is essential for viral replication (9). Chronic Hepatitis B Treatment: Current Perspectives on TelbivudineHepatitis B virus (HBV) is the primary cause of chronic viral hepatitis worldwide. Currently, there are 5 oral nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) approved for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) treatment and include lamivudine, adefovir, telbivudine (LtD), entecavir (ETV), and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). ETV and TDF are those with higher anti-viral efficacy and lower resistance rates, whereas LtD shows similar efficacy but has a higher risk for viral resistance in long-term monotherapy. However, LtD carries several advantages that must be considered and are worthy of discussion. Compared to other NAs, LtD showed a poten...

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“…Several reports comparing adefovir 10 mg/d vs tenofovir 300 mg/d for NUC-naïve patients reported that the serum HBV DNA suppression rates (< 400 copies/mL) 48 wk after start of administration were 76% vs 13% for HBeAgpositive patients and 93% vs 63% for HBeAg-negative patients, respectively; also, in general, tenofovir has been superior to adefovir [83] . A study with 144 wk of follow up showed that the serum HBV DNA suppression rates (< 400 copies/mL) were 87% for HBeAg-positive patients and 72% in HBeAg-negative patients at week 144 [88] . A 5-year study showed that tenofovir achieved a higher HBsAg-negative conversion rate compared to other NUCs [91] .…”

Section: Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (Tenofovir)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and future directions for treating hepatitis B virus infection

Tawada

Yokosuka

2015

WJH

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) persistently infects approximately 350 million people, and approximately 600000 liverrelated deaths are observed per year worldwide. HBV infection is also one of the major risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The persistence of serum hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and high level of serum HBV DNA are thought to reflect a high HBV replication status in hepatocytes, causing cirrhosis, HCC and liver-related deaths. It has been reported that antiviral therapy, such as peginterferon and nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs), could suppress liver-related death by inhibiting the HBV DNA levels and inducing seroconversion from HBeAg to antibody to HBe antigen. Currently, peginterferon is widely used, but there are also several disadvantages in the use of peginterferon, such as various adverse events, the administration route and duration. It is difficult to predict the effects of treatment and interferon is contraindicated for the patients with advanced fibrosis of the liver and cirrhosis. With respect to NUCs, entecavir and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate are current the first-choice drugs. NUCs can be administered orally, and their anti-viral effects are stronger than that of peginterferon. However, because cessation of NUC administration leads to high levels of viral replication and causes severe hepatitis, they must be administered for a long time. On the other hand, the use of both interferon and NUCs cannot eliminate covalently closed circular DNA of HBV. In this review, we evaluate the natural course of chronic HBV infection and then provide an outline of these representative drugs, such as peginterferon, entecavir and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.

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Three-Year Efficacy and Safety of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Treatment for Chronic Hepatitis B

Cited by 423 publications

References 29 publications

Long-term hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) kinetics during nucleoside/nucleotide analogue therapy: Finite treatment duration unlikely

Long-term hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) kinetics during nucleoside/nucleotide analogue therapy: Finite treatment duration unlikely

Chronic Hepatitis B Treatment: Current Perspectives on Telbivudine

Current and future directions for treating hepatitis B virus infection

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