Three-Pronged Flower-like Nanoplatforms for the Photothermal/Photodynamic/Quaternary Ammonium Salt Synergistic Antibacterial Method and Bioimaging

Abstract

Bacterial infections caused by pathogenic bacteria are extremely threatening to human health. Currently, the treatment of bacterial infections relies heavily on antibiotics, leading to a high incidence of antibiotic abuse. Bacterial resistance appeared along with the misuse of antibiotics that produced growing harm to human beings. Therefore, a cutting-edge strategy for treating bacterial infections is indeed needed. Here we prepared QCuRCDs@BMoS2 nanocomposites (QBs) for an efficient bacterial trapping and triple quaternary ammonium salt/photothermal/photodynamic bactericidal method. Copper-doped carbon quantum dots were first prepared by using a solvothermal method, modified with quaternary ammonium salts, and then combined with grafted MoS2 nanoflowers. The long alkyl chains of QBs and the sharp surface of MoS2 facilitate the destruction of bacterial structures, while the electrostatic adsorption binds closely to bacteria, shortening the bactericidal distance of the reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, the excellent photothermal performance under 808 nm irradiation in the near-infrared (NIR) region and deep penetrating heat can accelerate oxidative stress and achieve a multisynergistic bactericidal purpose. Consequently, QBs with ideal antibacterial properties and inherent brightness hold great promise in the biomedical field.

Metal-doped carbon dots for biomedical applications: From design to implementation

“… – [ 52 ] QCuRCDs@BMoS2 Citric acid, CuCl 2 ·2H 2 O The long alkyl chains of QB and the sharp surface of MoS2 favour the destruction of bacterial structure, while electrostatic adsorption binds tightly to bacteria and shortens the bactericidal distance of reactive oxygen species (ROS). 370/442 [ 53 ] Au@CD HAuCl 4 , Chitosan, PVA Au@CD exhibits excellent bio-compatibility and photothermal antibacterial activity. Under NIR irradiation, the inhibition rate was 99 + % against S .…”

Quaternary Ammonium Compounds and Their Composites in Antimicrobial Applications

“…[44,97] While certain metals exhibit intrinsic antimicrobial properties, the incorporation of QACs can lead to a dual-mechanism bactericidal action that complements the antimicrobial effect of the metal, thus achieving a synergistic enhancement of the antimicrobial effect. [18,44,66,98] For example, Cu 2+ ions were self-assembled with QAC micelles to prepare QAC@Cu nanoparticles with a size range of 30-40 nm for effective penetration into biofilms of sulphate-reducing bacteria. [18] The Cu 2+ ions and QAC were released from the nanoparticles under the acidic microenvironment within the biofilms, where Cu interfered with bacterial metabolism and acted synergistically with QAC.…”

Poly(Photosensitizer-Prodrug) Unimolecular Micelles for Chemo-Photodynamic Synergistic Therapy of Antitumor and Antibacteria

“…The development of a single mode of traditional treatment cannot solve this problem, for which the drug resistance mechanism is activated, reducing the efficacy of drugs. , In response to these challenges, the photodynamic antibacterial process, unlike the antibiotic mechanism, utilizes ROS to induce nonspecific oxidative stress reactions, attacking multiple microbial sites simultaneously. Importantly, the harmless byproducts produced during this process pose minimal risk to the human body. , Currently, self-assembled micelles have been reported in the literature for dual antitumor and antibacterial effects, , as well as unimolecular micelles for antitumor effects. , However, there is no literature reporting the use of unimolecular micelles for dual cancer and bacterial therapy. Therefore, there is a pressing need for the development of a stable and low-side-effect unimolecular micelle delivery system.…”