“…They showed that increasing the density of the core improves the sandwich bending properties. The effect of core shape on the 3-point bending behavior of the sandwich was studied by Xia et al, 50 whose they compared the deformation and specific energy absorption of the sandwich panels. They found that the specific energy absorption of the panels increased with the relative density of the core.Figure 17.(a) Bending characteristic of sandwiches one cell wide (L = 4.16 mm) for different radii (r) from experimental tests and finite element simulations and (b) Deformed shape of the sandwich structure with r = 2.2 mm at different deflection levels.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They showed that increasing the density of the core improves the sandwich bending properties. The effect of core shape on the 3-point bending behavior of the sandwich was studied by Xia et al, 50 whose they compared the deformation and specific energy absorption of the sandwich panels. They found that the specific energy absorption of the panels increased with the relative density of the core.…”
Section: Bending Performance Of Sandwich Structuresmentioning
In this work, the analysis of the static behavior of the composite honeycomb and anti-trichiral sandwich is studied. The objective of this paper is to estimate the effect of cellular geometrical parameters which are the ligament length and the cylindrical node radius on the static properties of the anti-trichiral structures. The core and the sandwiches were made from the same biobased material which is polylactic acid with flax fibers (Flax/PLA Material). 3D printing technology was used to manufacture the specimens. Several tensile tests were performed on the anti-trichiral core while bending tests were carried out on the sandwich structures. Several specimens with different geometric parameters of the anti-trichiral unit cell are tested to study their effect on the static properties of this material. The results show that the static properties of the anti-trichiral shaped meta-material depend on the unit cell dimensions. The Poisson’s ratio varies from 1 to −1 and from 0.5 to−0.8 respectively for one-cell and two-cell cores in width. To validate the experimental results, numerical simulations were carried out. Experimental and computational results for the Poisson’s ratio were quite similar.
“…They showed that increasing the density of the core improves the sandwich bending properties. The effect of core shape on the 3-point bending behavior of the sandwich was studied by Xia et al, 50 whose they compared the deformation and specific energy absorption of the sandwich panels. They found that the specific energy absorption of the panels increased with the relative density of the core.Figure 17.(a) Bending characteristic of sandwiches one cell wide (L = 4.16 mm) for different radii (r) from experimental tests and finite element simulations and (b) Deformed shape of the sandwich structure with r = 2.2 mm at different deflection levels.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They showed that increasing the density of the core improves the sandwich bending properties. The effect of core shape on the 3-point bending behavior of the sandwich was studied by Xia et al, 50 whose they compared the deformation and specific energy absorption of the sandwich panels. They found that the specific energy absorption of the panels increased with the relative density of the core.…”
Section: Bending Performance Of Sandwich Structuresmentioning
In this work, the analysis of the static behavior of the composite honeycomb and anti-trichiral sandwich is studied. The objective of this paper is to estimate the effect of cellular geometrical parameters which are the ligament length and the cylindrical node radius on the static properties of the anti-trichiral structures. The core and the sandwiches were made from the same biobased material which is polylactic acid with flax fibers (Flax/PLA Material). 3D printing technology was used to manufacture the specimens. Several tensile tests were performed on the anti-trichiral core while bending tests were carried out on the sandwich structures. Several specimens with different geometric parameters of the anti-trichiral unit cell are tested to study their effect on the static properties of this material. The results show that the static properties of the anti-trichiral shaped meta-material depend on the unit cell dimensions. The Poisson’s ratio varies from 1 to −1 and from 0.5 to−0.8 respectively for one-cell and two-cell cores in width. To validate the experimental results, numerical simulations were carried out. Experimental and computational results for the Poisson’s ratio were quite similar.
“…In this research, in order to optimize the distance of the holes and the thickness of the beams, first, by using the response surface method and the results obtained in Table 2, quadratic functions for the values of absorbed energy and maximum force were obtained. Equations ( 5) and (6) show the obtained functions. As shown in these equations, the R 2 parameter for both equations is at an acceptable level.…”
Section: Optimization Of Evaluated Perforated Beamsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…3 During an accident, the beams used in the body of the car reduce the intensity of the impact caused by the collision by absorbing part of the kinetic energy of the accident, and in this way, a gentler impact is inflicted on the passengers. In addition to beams that are subjected to bending, energy absorbers 4,5 and sandwich panels 6 are also widely used in the automotive industry. These structures were mainly made by metal thin-walled profiles like aluminum, [7][8][9] copper, 10 and steel.…”
Section: Review Of Literature and Introductionmentioning
The bending behavior of beams with a square cross-section containing holes under a three-point bending load was investigated in the present study. As aluminum alloys are lighter than steel and there are many automobile companies that use this material, 6063 aluminum alloy was chosen for this study. The present research was carried out both experimentally and numerically. In the numerical section, aluminum beams were simulated with the finite element software LS-DYNA. These beams contained holes with a diameter of 21 mm, which were placed at different distances on the length of the beam. In this research, 36 perforated beams were simulated in three thicknesses: 1, 1.5, and 2, and the holes were placed at 0, 3.5, 7, 10.5, 14, 17.5, 21, 24.5, 28, 35, 42, and 49 mm in relation to the middle of the beam. In addition, a beam without holes was studied for each thickness. Numerical simulations were validated with experiments and good results were observed. The obtained results showed that as the hole moves from the center to the sides, the absorption of energy and maximum force increases. In the final section, the most optimal beams were determined in terms of thickness and hole location, and based on these a car bumper was proposed.
“…Until now, great attention has been paid to the bending performance of various sandwich walls [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. For example, Mercedes et al [19] presented an experimental and numerical investigation of sandwich panels with a vegetal-fabric-reinforced cementitious matrix layer.…”
Concrete sandwich walls are commonly used as the exterior wall panels of a structure, in which the wall suffers out-of-plane bending under strong wind conditions. This paper aims to investigate the bending performance of concrete sandwich walls under actual boundary conditions through experimental and analytical methods. In total, four concrete sandwich walls were tested to detect the influence of openings and loading direction. Typical failure patterns were characterized and discussed. The load-displacement curves of four test specimens were analyzed. It was indicated that the bearing capacity of the walls under negative bending conditions was higher than that under positive bending conditions, owing to the additional constraints provided by the steel beams. Strain distributions of wall specimens were also discussed in order to obtain the composite action of the sandwich walls between the upper and lower layers of concrete. In addition, the finite element model (FEM) was developed by ABAQUS to provide insights into the bending performance of the sandwich walls. Through comparison with the test results, the FEM was verified with a good level of accuracy. Subsequently, the degree of composite action of the sandwich walls was assessed in terms of both the moment of inertia and bearing capacity. From the experimental and numerical results, it demonstrated that the bearing capacity of concrete sandwiched wall under negative direction was higher than that under positive direction owing to the constraints of steel beam. The derived composite action degree could be employed to evaluate the out-plane bending stiffness and strength of sandwiched concrete wall. Both the experimental and analytical results in this paper are beneficial for the design of sandwich walls under bending conditions.
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