Three-photon ionization of Ca

Abstract

The two-and three-photon resonant ionization of Ca has been studied. Calcium atoms in the thermal atomic beam were ionized from the ground 4s 2 1 S 0 state by three-photon absorption. The ion signals exhibited resonances attributed to the two-photon transition 4s 2 1 S 0 -4s6s 1 S 0 and three-photon transitions due to 3d17f, . . . , 3d22f 1 P 1 , 3d19p, . . . , 3d24p 1 P 1 , 3d18f, . . . , 3d19f 3 P 1 and 3d23f, 3d25f 3 D 1 autoionizing states. A simple theoretical model was used to reproduce the main features of the observed spectra due to the two-photon resonant ionization.

Three-Photon Ionization with One-Photon Resonance between Excited Levels

“…The above argument is confirmed by N(ω) dependences calculated for different values of the matrix elements 12 r , 23 r and detuning 1  = 80 сm -1 ( 23  = 18,040 сm -1 ). They are shown in Figure 5.…”

“…increases from 0.0087 a. u. at 1  = 80 сm -1 (Figure 3, a, point 6) to 0.02 a. u. at 1  = 160 сm -1 (Figure 3b, point 4). Note that the maximum value of the matrix element 12 r , according to the available data on the oscillator strengths of the resonant S→P transitions in alkali and alkaline-earth metal atoms [23], is not greater than 5.5 a. u. Figure 4 shows dependences A 23 (r 23 ) calculated for different values of the matrix element r 12 and detuning ∆ 1 = 80 cm −1 (Figure 4a) and ∆ 1 = 160 cm −1 (Figure 4b).…”

“…One-and two-photon resonantly enhanced three-photon ionization has been extensively studied via experiment, and to a lesser extent theoretically (see for example Refs. [7][8][9][10][11][12]).…”

Two photon resonant excitation of Copper–Rydberg levels

“…The alkali metal atoms of groups I and II have been studied extensively where 2, 3, and multi-photon absorption have been reported as well as theoretical investigations [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. These pioneering studies not only access high lying Rydberg states, but the multi-photon excitation results in high angular momentum Rydberg final states which selection rules yield inaccessible by single photon absorption.…”

Laser ablation and two-step photo-ionization for the generation of 40Ca+

“…To our knowledge, up until now the methods of electron impact ionization [17][18][19] and photo-ionization [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] have been the universal methods for producing ions in an ion trap. The traditional method of electron impact ionization is an effective tool that was first used for the generation of ions decades ago.…”