The first phytochemical investigation on stems of Mitrephora thorelii led to the isolation of three new lignanamides, thoreliamides A -C (1 -3), and a new sesquiterpenoid, thorelinin (4), together with ten known compounds. The structures of the new compounds were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses. Thoreliamide C is the first trimer derived from cinnamic acid amide units.Introduction. -The genus Mitrephora (Annonaceae), including ca. 40 species, is distributed widely throughout tropical areas in Asia. Some plants of this genus have been used as a tonic traditional medicine in Thailand [1]. So far, five species, i.e., M., and M. zippeliana [6] have been investigated. Alkaloids from M. maingayi possessing an unprecedented skeleton and diterpenoids from M. glabra bearing a novel skeleton have been successively reported. The potent and broad anticancer activity of the diterpenoids attracted us to further investigate another species of this genus, Mitrephora thorelii Pierre, distributed in southwest China.Our first phytochemical study reported here led to the isolation and characterization of three new lignanamides, thoreliamides A -C (1 -3, resp.), and a new sesquiterpene, thorelinin (4), along with ten known compounds, liriodenine, oxoputerine, N-trans-sinapoyltyramine, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, N-trans-caffeoyltyramine [7], N-trans-feruloyldopamine, N-trans-feruloyl-3-methyldopamine [8], N-p-coumaroyltyramine [9], cannabisin G, and cannabisin F [10] from stems of M. thorelii. Thoreliamide C (3) is the first cinnamic acid amide trimer reported from the plant kingdom. The structure elucidation of 1 -4 was accomplished on the basis of spectroscopic data, especially 2D-NMR.