Three novel antimicrobial peptides from the skin of the Indian bronzed frog Hylarana temporalis (Anura: Ranidae)

Abstract

Amphibian skin secretion is considered as a rich source of bioactive peptides. The present work describes the successful identification of three novel peptides named brevinin-1TEa, brevinin-2TEa and brevinin-2TEb present in the skin secretion of Indian bronzed frog Hylarana temporalis. The deduced open reading frame encoding the biosynthetic precursor of brevinin-1TEa consisted of 70 amino acid residues and brevinin-2TEa and brevinin-2TEb consisted of 71 and 72 amino acids, respectively. All the three peptides showed higher antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative than against Gram-positive bacteria. On the basis of the antibacterial and haemolytic activity, brevinin-2TEb is the most potent peptide reported in the present study. Further research on these peptides may provide potential clue towards newer drug development to combat various microbial diseases.

Comparative transcriptome analyses of seven anurans reveal functions and adaptations of amphibian skin

“…The skin’s immune functions are executed mostly by AMPs, which are secreted and released by skin granular glands and protect organisms against harmful pathogens 6 . Because of their important role in immunity, AMPs have been characterized across diverse amphibians through traditional low-throughput methods 6 13 14 15 . However, these methods are limited and are not comprehensive, owing to the presumably targeted AMP genes.…”

“…To date, several genes and AMPs have been identified in amphibian skin. For instance, genes of AMP families, such as the temporin 13 , esculetin 14 and brevinin superfamilies 15 , have been discovered in different taxa. However, most of these researches have used traditional low-throughput methods, such as screening of presumed genes from cDNA libraries, on the basis of conserved regions of precursors.…”

Host Defense Peptides from Asian Frogs as Potential Clinical Therapies

“…H.temporalis is the first among the genus to be reported from Western Ghats, India. Seven novel peptides are reported from H.temporalis, which include one Brevinin 1, two Brevinin 2 peptides, three Esculentin 2 peptides, and one Hylaranakinin peptide [ 34 , 35 , 36 ]. The MICs of Brevinin and Esculentin peptides ranges from 30 to 150 μg/mL.…”

First report of Lividin and Spinulosain peptides from the skin secretion of an Indian frog

“…Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined [5] against some bacterial strains (Table 1B) and were further confirmed by resazurin microtiter assay (REMA). Hemolytic activities of these peptides on human red blood cells were also assessed [5].Two different cDNA sequences, have been described one encoding Lividin 8 with 95% identity to Lividin EV1 reported from Odorrana exiliversabilis (GenBank acc. …”

“…Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined [5] against some bacterial strains (Table 1B) and were further confirmed by resazurin microtiter assay (REMA). Hemolytic activities of these peptides on human red blood cells were also assessed [5].…”