Three new species of Australoheros from southeastern Brazil, with taxonomic notes on Chromys oblonga, Heros autochton and H. jenynsii (Teleostei: Labrodei: Cichlidae)

Abstract

Three new species of Australoheros are described from the São Francisco, Paraná and Paraíba do Sul river basins, southeastern Brazil. Australoheros mattosi sp. n., from the rio São Francisco basin, by having anal-fin base squamation beginning at the third anal-fin spine; A. montanus sp. n., from the rio Paquequer drainage, by having a complete red bar on the posterior margin of the caudal fin; and, A. tavaresi sp. n., from the rio Tietê drainage, by having prognathous mouth. Three currently listed synonyms of Australoheros facetus are discussed: Chromys oblonga is considered a nomen dubium. The type specimens of Heros autochton (lectotype herein designated) indicate that the species does not belong to the genus Australoheros. Finally, the status of H. jenynsii as synonym of A. facetus is confirmed.

Australoheros sanguineus sp. n. - a new cichlid species from the rio Cubatão basin, southern Brazil (Cichlidae: Heroini)

“…5). The lower number of caudal vertebrae is uniquely shared with the other congeners from south-eastern Brazil (ottoni & CoSta, 2008;ottoni & Cheffe, 2009;ottoni, 2010;ottoni, 2012).…”

“…Comparative material is listed in ottoni et al ), ottoni & CoSta (2008), ottoni & Cheffe (2009), ottoni (2010), ottoni et al (2011), ottoni (2012) and SChindler et al (2010.…”

“…Australoheros Říčan & Kullander, 2006 is a South American cichlid genus erected to include three species previously located in the genus Cichlasoma Swain Son, 1839: "Cichlasoma" facetum (JenynS, 1842), "Cich la soma" tembe CaSCiotta, Gómez & toreSani, 1995and "Cichlasoma" scitulum Říčan & Kullander, 2003(CaSCiotta et al, 2006ottoni 2010;ottoni, 2012;ottoni & CoSta 2008;Říčan & Kullander 2006;Říčan & Kullander 2008). Since the erection of Australoheros several new species have been described.…”

“…Říčan & Kullander (2006; also provided a phylogenetic hypothesis of relationship among species of Australoheros from the Paraná-Uruguay-Paraguay river system. According to Říčan & Kullander (2006;, the Australoheros from the Paraná-Uruguay-Paraguay river system are divided into four monophyletic groups: the A. facetus group (including A. facetus and A. guarani Říčan & Kullander, 2008), the A. scitulus group (including A. scitulus and A. charrua Říčan & Kullander, 2008), the A. forquilha group (including A. forquilha Říčan & Kullander, 2008 and A. tembe) and the A. kaa ygua (A. kaaygua CaSCiotta et al, 2006and A. minuano Říčan & Kullander, 2008) (ottoni, 2012. More recently, ottoni & Cheffe (2009) described A. taura ottoni & Cheffe, 2009, which was tentatively included in the A. scitulus group due to the presence of three apomorphic character states: four scales on the dorsal-fin origin series, 12 -13 proximal radials on the anal fin and very narrow spot on the caudal-fin base.…”

Life colouration of three Australoheros species from the rio Paraíba do Sul basin, southeastern Brazil (Teleostei: Labroidei: Cichlidae)

“…Australoheros Rícan & KullandeR, 2006 is a South American cichlid fish genus distributed on the Paraná-Paraguay-Uruguay river system of southern Brazil, Uru guay, northeastern Argentina, along several coastal basins between Bahia, northeastern Brazil, and northeastern Argentina, and on the São Francisco and upper Paraná drainages, within Brazil (Rícan & KullandeR, 2006;Rícan & KullandeR, 2008;OttOni, 2010;schindleR et al, 2010;OttOni et al, 2011;and OttOni, 2012).…”