Three new species of acanthocephalans (Palaeacanthocephala) from marine fishes collected off the East Coast of South Africa

Abstract

Three new species of acanthocephalans are described from marine fishes collected in Sodwana Bay, South Africa: Rhadinorhynchus gerberi n. sp. from Trachinotus botla (Shaw), Pararhadinorhynchus sodwanensis n. sp. from Pomadasys furcatus (Bloch et Schneider) and Transvena pichelinae n. sp. from Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskål). Transvena pichelinae n. sp. differs from the single existing species of the genus Transvena annulospinosa Pichelin et Cribb, 2001, by the lower number of longitudinal rows of hooks (10-12 vs 12-14, respectively) and fewer hooks in a row (5 vs 6-8), shorter blades of anterior hooks (55-63 vs 98), more posterior location of the ganglion (close to the posterior margin of the proboscis receptacle vs mid-level of the proboscis receptacle) and smaller eggs (50-58 × 13 µm vs 62-66 × 13-19 µm). Pararhadinorhynchus sodwanensis n. sp. differs from all known species of the genus by a combination of characters. It closely resembles unidentified species Pararhadinorhynchus sp. sensu Weaver and Smales (2014) in the presence of a similar number of longitudinal rows of hooks on the proboscis (16-18 vs 18) and hooks in a row (11-13 vs 13-14), but differs in the position of the lemnisci (extend to the level of the posterior end of the proboscis receptacle or slightly posterior vs extend to the mid-level of the receptacle), length of the proboscis receptacle (910-1180 µm vs 1,460 µm) and cement glands (870-880 µm vs 335-350 µm). Rhadinorhynchus gerberi n. sp. is distinguishable from all its congeners by a single field of 19-26 irregular circular rows of the tegumental spines on the anterior part of the trunk, 10 longitudinal rows of hooks on the proboscis with 29-32 hooks in each row, subterminal genital pore in both sexes, and distinct separation of the opening of the genital pore from the posterior edge of the trunk (240-480 μm) in females. Sequences for the 18S rDNA, 28S rDNA and cox1 genes were generated to molecularly characterise the species and assess their phylogenetic position. This study provides the first report based on molecular evidence for the presence of species of Transvena Pichelin et Cribb, 2001 and Pararhadinorhynchus Johnston et Edmonds, 1947 in African coastal fishes.

The molecular profile of Paratrajectura longcementglandatus Amin, Heckmann et Ali, 2018 (Acanthocephala: Transvenidae) from percid fishes in the marine waters of Iran and Iraq

“…To date, molecular profile has been provided for few species of the family Transvenidae including T. annulospinosa, T. pichelinae, P. sodwanensis and Pararhadinorhynchus sp. (Pichelin & Cribb, 2001;Lisitsyna et al, 2019). In the current study, phylogenetic relationships of P. longcementglandatus as another genus of this family is described based on partial 18S rDNA and cox1 genes determining relationships with other acanthocephalan families.…”

“…Specimens of the two genera were recovered from wrasses (Labridae, Perciformes) in the Pacifi c off southern Australia and southern Japan. Lisitsyna et al (2019) described two other species of the family Transvenidae, namely Transvena pichelinae Lisitsyna, Kudlai, Cribb et Smit, 2019, andPararhadinorhynchus sodwanensis Lisitsyna, Kudlai, Cribb et Smit, 2019 from the marine fi shes from the Sodwana Bay, South Africa. The other genus of this family, Paratrajectura, was established by Amin et al (2018).…”

“…While, several studies have been published about sequence data for acanthocephalans including two Transvena spp. (Westram et al, 2011;Garcia-Varela, et al, 2013;Pinacho-Pinacho et al, 2014;Lisitsyna et al, 2019), no sequence data has been published for P. longcementglandatus whose phylogenetic relationship with other acanthocephalans and related families was unknown. In this paper, we report the molecular profi le of P. longcementglandatus, validate its generic affi liations, and explore its evolutionary relationships with related and other species and taxa based on partial 18S rDNA and cox1 genes.…”

“…(2002) andLisitsyna et al (2019) where the family Transvenidae grouped close to different species of Rhadinorhynchus (Rhadinorhynchidae) and Gymnorhadinorhynchus (Gymnorhadinorhynchidae). species represented in the phylogenetic analysis with their family, host species, GenBank accession numbers, locations, and references.…”

Redescription and molecular analysis ofPallisentis(Pallisentis)nandaiSarkar, 1953 (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) in India

“…Molecular methods are an important tool for morphological identification, diversity and taxonomic relationships among acanthocephalan species (García-Varela et al ., 2017, 2019; Li et al ., 2018; Amin et al ., 2019a, b, c; Lisitsyna et al ., 2019; Menasria et al ., 2019; Sharifdini et al ., 2020). The phylogenetic relationships and systematic position of Pallisentis are poorly explored compared to other genera.…”