Three New Labdane‐Type Diterpenoids from the Fruits of Amomum villosum and Their Anti‐Inflammatory Activities

Abstract

Three new labdane‐type diterpenoids, calcaratarin E, villosumtriol, and 12‐epi‐villosumtriol (1‐3) were isolated from the fruits of Amomum villosum, along with seven known diterpenoids (4‐10). Through comprehensive analysis of chemical evidence and spectral data including UV, 1D and 2D NMR, HR‐ESI‐MS, IR, and X‐ray crystallography, the structures of these novel compounds were successfully determined. Additionally, the inhibitory effects of compounds 2‐10 on NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced RAW264.7 cells were evaluated. Notably, compound 6 exhibited the most significant inhibitory effect with an IC50 value of 1.74 ± 0.69 μM.