Three Months of Rifapentine and Isoniazid for Latent Tuberculosis Infection

Sterling, Timothy R.; Villarino, Margarita E.; Borisov, Andrey S.; Shang, Nong; Gordin, Fred M.; Bliven-Sizemore, Erin; Hackman, Judith; Hamilton, Carol; Menzies, Dick; Kerrigan, Amy; Weis, Stephen E.; Weiner, Marc; Wing, Diane; Conde, Marcus Barreto; Bozeman, Lorna; Horsburgh, C. Robert; Chaisson, Richard E.

doi:10.1056/nejmoa1104875

Cited by 783 publications

(691 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…When consulted, the authors confi rmed that randomization concealment was maintained. Sterling et al (12) designed an open-label non-inferiority RCT. It was a well-conducted cluster randomization, and its supplementary appendix clearly described the randomization and losses to follow-up.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For rifapentine, specifi cally, the authors described the results of the RCT by Sterling et al (12) . The characteristics and results of this systematic review and the two RCTs are shown in Table 2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the RCT by Sterling et al (12) , LTBI chemoprophylaxis with 3 months of rifapentine (900mg) + isoniazid (900mg) combination therapy administered once a week under DOT is at least noninferior to preventive treatment with 9 month isoniazid (300mg) self-administered daily for TB activation. It is noteworthy that this fi nding refers to not only HIV-positive individuals, but also a population at high risk of progression to active TB.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In total, 10 studies were included (Figure 1): 1 systematic review (10) , 2 randomized controlled trials (11) (12) , 1 American evidence-based synopsis (13) , and 6 clinical guidelines from different settings -United States of America (14) (15) , United Kingdom (16) (17) , Australia (18) , and WHO (4) . The results of Evidence -based synopsis = 1…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rifapentine for latent tuberculosis infection treatment in the general population and human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients: summary of evidence

Vidal

Silva

Sanchez

2015

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and human immunodefi ciency virus (HIV)-coinfection are challenges in the control of tuberculosis transmission. We aimed to assess and summarize evidence available in the literature regarding the treatment of LTBI in both the general and HIV-positive population, in order to support decision making by the Brazilian Tuberculosis Control Program for LTBI chemoprophylaxis. We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, Embase, LILACS, SciELO, Trip database, National Guideline Clearinghouse, and the Brazilian Theses Repository to identify systematic reviews, randomized clinical trials, clinical guidelines, evidence-based synopses, reports of health technology assessment agencies, and theses that investigated rifapentine and isoniazid combination compared to isoniazid monotherapy. We assessed the quality of evidence from randomized clinical trials using the Jadad Scale and recommendations from other evidence sources using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations approach. The available evidence suggests that there are no differences between rifapentine + isoniazid short-course treatment and the standard 6-month isoniazid therapy in reducing active tuberculosis incidence or death. Adherence was better with directly observed rifapentine therapy compared to self-administered isoniazid. The quality of evidence obtained was moderate, and on the basis of this evidence, rifapentine is recommended by one guideline. Available evidence assessment considering the perspective of higher adherence rates, lower costs, and local peculiarity context might support rifapentine use for LTBI in the general or HIV-positive populations. Since novel trials are ongoing, further studies should include patients on antiretroviral therapy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Rifapentine for latent tuberculosis infection treatment in the general population and human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients: summary of evidence

Vidal

Silva

Sanchez

2015

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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show abstract

“…Those with LTBI are likely to be successfully treated after 3 months of a regimen that includes both RMP and INH. 10 While relapse rates are lowest with 6 months of treatment, they are almost as low with regimens as short as 3 months' duration. 11 Indeed, studies could address whether those with occult, asymptomatic disease could be safely treated with less than 6 months of treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%