Three‐month‐olds, but not newborns, prefer own‐race faces

Kelly, David J.; Quinn, Paul C.; Slater, Alan; Lee, Kang; Gibson, Adam; Smith, Michael; Ge, Liezhong; Pascalis, Olivier

doi:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2005.0434a.x

Cited by 551 publications

(549 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

501

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Because all the infants were African, we also chose to use graphic stimuli (see Rose et al, 2001) instead of the more commonly used stimuli, which consist of Caucasian faces (Fagan & Shepherd, 1991). This decision is supported by recent research that finds infants are able to differentiate between same and different race faces by as early as three months (Kelly et al, 2005).…”

Section: Aims Of the Current Researchsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…First, we chose not to use pictures of faces as stimuli as is typically done (Colombo, Kannass et al, 2004;Fagan & Shepherd, 1991) because these standard sets contain a high percentage of Caucasian faces. Recent research by Kelly et al (2005) found that by as early as 3 months infants prefer looking at faces of their own race. This supports our decision to use graphic stimuli.…”

Section: Visual Information Processing-testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Growth and visual information processing in infants in Southern Ethiopia

Kennedy¹,

Thomas²,

Woltamo³

et al. 2008

Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Speed of information processing and recognition memory can be assessed in infants using a visual information processing (VIP) paradigm. In a sample of 100 infants 6-8 months of age from Southern Ethiopia, we assessed relations between growth and VIP. The 69 infants who completed the VIP protocol had a mean weight z score of −1.12 ± 1.19 SD, and length z score of −1.05 ± 1.31. The ageappropriate novelty preference was shown by only 12 infants. When age was controlled, longest look duration during familiarization was predicted by weight (sr 2 = .16, p = .001) and length (sr 2 = .05, p =.058), and mean look duration during test phases was predicted by head circumference (sr 2 = . 08, p = .018) implying that growth is associated with development of VIP. These data support the validity of VIP as a measure of infant cognitive development that is sensitive to nutritional factors and flexible enough to be adapted to individual cultures.

show abstract

Section: Aims Of the Current Researchsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Visual Information Processing-testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and visual information processing in infants in Southern Ethiopia

Kennedy¹,

Thomas²,

Woltamo³

et al. 2008

Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…First, compared to adults, children typically show less decrement in recognition performance for faces of other races [74, Chance, 1982 #52]; even though this ''race effect'' may start early during infancy [75,76]. In adults, this race effect is thought to reflect accumulated experience with own race faces compared to other race faces [74,77].…”

Section: Three Developmental Aspects Of Identity Recognition In Healtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism and the development of face processing

Golarai

Grill-Spector

Reiss

2006

Clinical Neuroscience Research

156

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Autism is a pervasive developmental condition, characterized by impairments in non-verbal communication, social relationships and stereotypical patterns of behavior. A large body of evidence suggests that several aspects of face processing are impaired in autism, including anomalies in gaze processing, memory for facial identity and recognition of facial expressions of emotion. In search of neural markers of anomalous face processing in autism, much interest has focused on a network of brain regions that are implicated in social cognition and face processing. In this review, we will focus on three such regions, namely the STS for its role in processing gaze and facial movements, the FFA in face detection and identification and the amygdala in processing facial expressions of emotion. Much evidence suggests that a better understanding of the normal development of these specialized regions is essential for discovering the neural bases of face processing anomalies in autism. Thus, we will also examine the available literature on the normal development of face processing. Key unknowns in this research area are the neuro-developmental processes, the role of experience and the interactions among components of the face processing system in shaping each of the specialized regions for processing faces during normal development and in autism. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease.

show abstract

“…Waterhouse et al (1996) and Schultz (2005) have proposed that there may be a general amygdala deficit in autism that disrupts the assignment or association of reinforcement value to incoming stimuli. Schultz (2005) speculated how such a deficit may specifically impair social development in autism: during face perception, autistic infants experience reduced reinforcement from the amygdala to enhance innate preference for faces (Kelly et al, 2005;Turati et al, 2002). This leads to a reduction in attention for faces (Adolphs et al, 2005) and a subsequent failure to develop face-specific skills in related brain areas such as face regions of the fusiform gyrus, as has been frequently shown among individuals with autism (e.g., Schultz et al, 2000;Wang et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intact emotion facilitation for nonsocial stimuli in autism: Is amygdala impairment in autism specific for social information?

South

Ozonoff

Suchy

et al. 2007

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Atypical amygdala development may play a key role in the emergence of social disability and other symptoms of autism (Baron-Cohen et al., 2000;Schultz, 2005). The mechanisms by which this may occur have received little attention, however, and most support from behavioral and imaging studies has been concerned with socially relevant stimuli such as faces. Given the complexity of amygdala function and its known role in many other emotional tasks, we examined whether individuals with autism would demonstrate impaired performance on several tasks that have been shown to require activation of the amygdala but that do not have any explicit social meaning. Relative to a typical comparison group matched for age and IQ, our sample of 37 adolescents and adults with autism (mean age 5 19.7 years) demonstrated equivalent facilitation for perception and learning of emotionally relevant stimuli. On each of four tasks, there were significant main effects of emotion condition on performance for both groups. Future research regarding atypical amygdala function and emotion processing in autism should consider whether the response to nonsocial emotion factors (including negative valence or high arousal) may be intact, despite difficulties in responding to socially relevant stimuli. (JINS, 2008, 14, 42-54.)

show abstract

Three‐month‐olds, but not newborns, prefer own‐race faces

Cited by 551 publications

References 32 publications

Growth and visual information processing in infants in Southern Ethiopia

Growth and visual information processing in infants in Southern Ethiopia

Autism and the development of face processing

Intact emotion facilitation for nonsocial stimuli in autism: Is amygdala impairment in autism specific for social information?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About