Three LysM effectors of <i>Zymoseptoria tritici</i> collectively disarm chitin‐triggered plant immunity

Tian, Hui; Mackenzie, Craig; Rodríguez‐Moreno, Luis; Berg, Grardy C. M. van den; Chen, Hongxin; Rudd, J. J.; Mesters, J.R.; Thomma, Bart P.H.J.

doi:10.1111/mpp.13055

Cited by 35 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Here, CSEP production and expression varied among the stages of infection. For example, Fs00367, Fs00597, and Fs01754 were all gradually upregulated as infection progressed, similar to the previously reported results in U. maydis and Zymoseptoria tritici [99,100]. However, Fs01754 was more strongly upregulated than Fs00367 and Fs00597, suggesting that Fs01754 plays a more critical role than either Fs00367 or Fs00597.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Predication of the Effector Proteins Secreted by Fusarium sacchari Using Genomic Analysis and Heterogenous Expression

Huang

Zhou

et al. 2022

JoF

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One of the causative agents of pokkah boeng disease (PBD), which affects sugarcane crops globally, is the fungus Fusarium sacchari. These fungal infections reduce sugar quality and yield, resulting in severe economic losses. Effector proteins play important roles in the interactions between pathogenic fungi and plants. Here, we used bioinformatic prediction approaches to identify 316 candidate secreted effector proteins (CSEPs) in the complete genome of F. sacchari. In total, 95 CSEPs contained known conserved structures, representing 40 superfamilies and 18 domains, while an additional 91 CSEPs contained seven known motifs. Of the 130 CSEPs containing no known domains or motifs, 14 contained one of four novel motifs. A heterogeneous expression system in Nicotiana benthamiana was used to investigate the functions of 163 CSEPs. Seven CSEPs suppressed BAX-triggered programmed cell death in N. benthamiana, while four caused cell death in N. benthamiana. The expression profiles of these eleven CSEPs during F. sacchari infection suggested that they may be involved in sugarcane-F. sacchari interaction. Our results establish a basis for further studies of the role of effector molecules in pathogen–sugarcane interactions, and provide a framework for future predictions of pathogen effector molecules.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Predication of the Effector Proteins Secreted by Fusarium sacchari Using Genomic Analysis and Heterogenous Expression

Huang

Zhou

et al. 2022

JoF

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“…However, many of them did not show obvious defects in pathogenicity with single deletion of the effector genes, which was possibly due to the functional redundancy. For example, the LysM-type effector from Zymoseptoria tritici, Mgx1LysM, was essential for the lesion's extension through binding to the chitin and then suppressed the chitin-induced ROS burst, and was able to protect fungal hyphae against host chitinase hydrolysis [45]. In this study, CcSp84 was significantly induced during the infection stages, and transient expression of CcSp84 in N. benthamiana would cause cell death and activate the plant defense responses, including the burst of ROS, deposits of callosum, and induced expression of defense-related genes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Putative Effector CcSp84 of Cytospora chrysosperma Localizes to the Plant Nucleus to Trigger Plant Immunity

Xiong

Han

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Cytospora chrysosperma is the main causal agent of poplar canker disease in China, especially in some areas with poor site conditions. Pathogens secrete a large number of effectors to interfere the plant immunity and promote their infection and colonization. Nevertheless, the roles of effectors in C. chrysosperma remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified and functionally characterized a candidate effector CcSp84 from C. chrysosperma, which contained a nuclear localization signal motif at the C-terminal and was highly induced during infection stages. Transient expression of CcSp84 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves could trigger cell death. Additionally, deletion of CcSp84 significantly reduced fungal virulence to the polar twigs, while no obvious defects were observed in fungal growth and sensitivity to H2O2. Confocal microscopy revealed that CcSp84 labeled with a green fluorescent protein (GFP) was mainly accumulated in the plant nucleus. Further analysis revealed that the plant nucleus localization of CcSp84 was necessary to trigger plant immune responses, including ROS accumulation, callose deposition, and induced expression of jasmonic acid and ethylene defense-related genes. Collectively, our results suggest that CcSp84 is a virulence-related effector, and plant nucleus localization is required for its functions.

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“…Remarkably, a recent report shows how the plant pathogen Zymoseptoria triciti (Desm.) uses avirulence effectors, provided with LysM domains, to initiate ETI in wheat by suppressing ROS production [207]. Similarly, ETI in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) was triggered by a necrosis-inducing effector from Cercospora beticola (Sacc.)…”

Section: Lecrlks At the Barricades Of Plant Defensementioning

confidence: 99%

Review: The multiple roles of plant lectins

Coninck

Damme

2021

Plant Science

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Three LysM effectors of Zymoseptoria tritici collectively disarm chitin‐triggered plant immunity

Cited by 35 publications

References 54 publications

Predication of the Effector Proteins Secreted by Fusarium sacchari Using Genomic Analysis and Heterogenous Expression

Predication of the Effector Proteins Secreted by Fusarium sacchari Using Genomic Analysis and Heterogenous Expression

A Putative Effector CcSp84 of Cytospora chrysosperma Localizes to the Plant Nucleus to Trigger Plant Immunity

Review: The multiple roles of plant lectins

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