Three-loop HTLpt thermodynamics at finite temperature and chemical potential

Haque, Najmul; Bandyopadhyay, Aritra; Andersen, Jens O.; Mustafa, Munshi G.; Strickland, Michael; Su, Nan

doi:10.1007/jhep05(2014)027

“…A more modern study of the behavior of thermal QCD and its comparison with lattice QCD is available [111][112][113]. The thermal QCD explains the difference between the asymptotic value g = 47.5 and lattice results which we see in fig.…”

Section: What Is Quark-gluon Plasma?mentioning

confidence: 79%

Melting hadrons, boiling quarks

Rafelski

¹

2015

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Abstract. In the context of the Hagedorn temperature half-centenary I describe our understanding of the hot phases of hadronic matter both below and above the Hagedorn temperature. The first part of the review addresses many frequently posed questions about properties of hadronic matter in different phases, phase transition and the exploration of quark-gluon plasma (QGP). The historical context of the discovery of QGP is shown and the role of strangeness and strange antibaryon signature of QGP illustrated. In the second part I discuss the corresponding theoretical ideas and show how experimental results can be used to describe the properties of QGP at hadronization. The material of this review is complemented by two early and unpublished reports containing the prediction of the different forms of hadron matter, and of the formation of QGP in relativistic heavy ion collisions, including the discussion of strangeness, and in particular strange antibaryon signature of QGP.

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“…A more modern study of the behavior of thermal QCD and its comparison with lattice QCD is available [111,112,113]. The thermal QCD explains the difference between the asymptotic value g = 47.5 and lattice results which we see in Fig.…”

Section: What Is Quark-gluon Plasma?mentioning

confidence: 87%

Melting Hadrons, Boiling Quarks

Rafelski

¹

2016

Melting Hadrons, Boiling Quarks - From Hagedorn Temperature to Ultra-Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions at CERN

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Abstract. In the context of the Hagedorn temperature half-centenary I describe our understanding of the hot phases of hadronic matter both below and above the Hagedorn temperature. The first part of the review addresses many frequently posed questions about properties of hadronic matter in different phases, phase transition and the exploration of quark-gluon plasma (QGP). The historical context of the discovery of QGP is shown and the role of strangeness and strange antibaryon signature of QGP illustrated. In the second part I discuss the corresponding theoretical ideas and show how experimental results can be used to describe the properties of QGP at hadronization. The material of this review is complemented by two early and unpublished reports containing the prediction of the different forms of hadron matter, and of the formation of QGP in relativistic heavy ion collisions, including the discussion of strangeness, and in particular strange antibaryon signature of QGP.

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“…At both the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), much of the collision takes place at temperatures which are not that far above that for the transition, T c . This is a difficult region to study: perturbative methods can be used at high temperature, but not near T c [1]. Similarly, hadronic models are valid at low temperature, but break down near T c [2].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and Elliptic Flow of Dileptons and Photons in a Matrix Model of the Quark-Gluon Plasma

Gale

¹

,

Hidaka

²

,

Jeon

³

et al. 2015

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We consider the thermal production of dileptons and photons at temperatures above the critical temperature in QCD. We use a model where color excitations are suppressed by a small value of the Polyakov loop, the semi Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). Comparing the semi-QGP to the perturbative QGP, we find a mild enhancement of thermal dileptons. In contrast, to leading logarithmic order in weak coupling there are far fewer hard photons from the semi-QGP than the usual QGP. To illustrate the possible effects on photon and dileptons production in heavy ion collisions, we integrate the rate with a realistic hydrodynamic simulation. Dileptons uniformly exhibit a small flow, but the strong suppression of photons in the semi-QGP tends to bias the elliptical flow of photons to that generated in the hadronic phase.PACS numbers: 11.10. Wx, 12.38.Mh, 25.75.Cj, 25.75.Nq The collisions of heavy nuclei at ultra-relativistic energies can be used to investigate the properties of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). At both the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), much of the collision takes place at temperatures which are not that far above that for the transition, T c . This is a difficult region to study: perturbative methods can be used at high temperature, but not nearSimilarly, hadronic models are valid at low temperature, but break down near T c [2]. One model of the region above but near T c is the semi-QGP [3][4][5][6]. This incorporates the results of numerical simulations on the lattice [7], which show that colored excitations are strongly suppressed when T → T + c , as the expectation value of the Polyakov loop decreases markedly.A notable property of heavy ion collisions is elliptic flow, how the initial spatial anisotropy of peripheral collisions is transformed into a momentum anisotropy. The large elliptic flow of hadrons can be well modeled by hydrodynamic models in which the QCD medium is close to an ideal fluid [8][9][10].Electromagnetic signals, such as dilepton or photon production, are another valuable probe, since they reflect properties of the quark and gluon distributions of the QGP, and once produced, escape without significant interaction [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. For example, if most photons are emitted at high temperature in the QGP, since the flow at early times is small, one would expect a small net elliptic flow for photons. However, recently both the PHENIX experiment at RHIC [22] and the ALICE experiment at the LHC [23] have found a large elliptic flow for photons, comparable to that of hadrons. This is most puzzling [17,18,24].In this paper we present the results for the thermal production of hard dileptons and photons in the semi-QGP, and compare them with those of the perturbative QGP. Surprisingly, we find a sharp qualitative difference between the two. In the semi-QGP, the production of dileptons is similar between the deconfined and confined phases, while photon production is strongly suppressed near T c . We compute to leading ord...

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Three-loop HTLpt thermodynamics at finite temperature and chemical potential

Cited by 214 publications

References 135 publications

Melting hadrons, boiling quarks

Melting hadrons, boiling quarks

Melting Hadrons, Boiling Quarks

Production and Elliptic Flow of Dileptons and Photons in a Matrix Model of the Quark-Gluon Plasma

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