Three-liquid-phase extraction and separation of capsanthin and capsaicin from Capsicum annum L.

Abstract

The extraction of capsanthin and capsaicin from red pepper (Capsicum annum L.) was studied using a three-liquid-phase system (TLPS) of acetone/K<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub>/n-hexane. When the system consisted of 22% (w/w) acetone/20% (w/w) K<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub>/10% (w/w) n-hexane, capsanthin was extracted into the top n-hexane-rich phase, yielding a recovery of 98.15% at a temperature of 25°C. Meanwhile, capsaicin was mainly distributed in the middle acetone-rich phase, less than 0.01% in the top phase, and undetectable in the bottom salt-rich phase. The yields of capsanthin and capsaicin were 105 and 88% of those of the conventional solvent extraction, respectively. Thus, capsanthin and capsaicin were separated through a single step at a low cost.  

Evaluation of Anti-Hyperlipidemic Activity of Capsicum Frutescens Extract

“…They could be easily obtained after removing the solvent for further purification. TLPE was an effective method for the extraction and separation of capsaicinoids [7].…”

“…Total cholesterol (TC) was determined by one step method of Wybenga and Pillegi [7] based on the reaction between cholesterol and cholesterol reagent (ferric oxide, ethyl acetate and sulfuric acid). High-density lipoprotein (HDL) from blood was determined by a two-step method i.e.…”

Chemometrics-Assisted Identification of Anti-Inflammatory Compounds from the Green Alga Klebsormidium flaccidum var. zivo

“…6/7 by direct comparison of LC-MS-UV data with an authentic sample. Zeaxanthin (18), a structural isomer of lutein, was also readily identified in Fr. 6/7 by comparison of their UV absorptions in which zeaxanthin has relatively longer UV wavelengths (Table 1, Figure S3) due to an extended conjugated system [15].…”

“…8/9, and neoxanthin (29) and violaxanthin (30) in Fr. 11/12, whose structures are closely related to lutein and zeaxanthin, were indicated by their characteristic UV absorptions and molecular weight information (Table 1) [15,18].…”

“…7-14, and Fr. [17][18][19] that had enriched activities with IC 50 values less than that of the parent ethyl acetate extract (28.0 µg/mL) were defined as active, while the remaining nine fractions were considered as inactive ( Figure 1A). For each fraction, 654 chromatographic signals generated from the positive ESI-MS were used for OPLS-DA modeling, which clearly showed discrimination of respective fractions in the active and inactive groups ( Figure 1B).…”