Three lines of defense: A multifunctional coating with anti-adhesion, bacteria-killing and anti-quorum sensing properties for preventing biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Polymer Complex Multilayers for Drug Delivery and Medical Devices

“…The bacterial assays further verified the bactericidal activity of the prepared PCM coating, in which the amount of live E. coli on the film surface decreased ∼73% compared to that on a pristine substrate . Later, the Chen group developed a multifunctional coating material to interfere with different stages of biofilm formation through surface complexation of acylase (an enzyme exhibiting antiquorum-sensing property), antibacterial quaternized chitosan, and antiadhesive hyaluronic acid Figure a shows that acylase and quaternized chitosan presented a synergetic effect to inhibit biofilm formation because less and scattered bacteria were found during 3-day incubation.…”

“…In addition, the outermost layer enhanced the hydrophilicity of the coating surface to resist bacteria adsorption and could be gradually degraded to unveil acylase/quaternized chitosan layers to kill the attached bacteria, leading to the improved antibacterial efficacy (Figure a). The quantitative assays further indicated the exceptional antibiofilm property of the as-prepared three-component PCM coating with ∼98% reduction in bacterial proliferation and ∼71% reduction in biomass production (Figure b) …”

Recent nanotechnology-based strategies for interfering with the life cycle of bacterial biofilms

“…Additionally, the physical antiadhesive ability can also be integrated into bactericidal surfaces to maximize the inhibition of biofilm formation. 62,63…”

“…Therefore, interfering with the QS is an effective microenvironment manipulating strategy for antibiofilm application. 62,171,172 QS inhibitors, such as acylase, lactonase, and curcumin, can degrade the extracellular QS signals and interfere with the biofilm life cycle, which requires targeted delivery to the infection site especially when there are already mature biofilms. 173,174 Aleksandra Ivanova et al coated AgNPs with aminocellulose and acylase to obtain a nanoplatform for the delivery of antimicrobials and QS inhibitors deep into biofilms.…”

Long-term antibacterial, antioxidative, and bioadhesive hydrogel wound dressing for infected wound healing applications

“…This hydrogel had good antibacterial activity, adhesive property, and biocompatibility for post-wound-closure care. Zou et al 44 reported a multifunctional antibiofilm coating based on hyaluronic acid, quaternized chitosan, and acylase via the deposition method. This multifunctional coating had potential application in infected wound healing due to its good antibacterial and antibiofilm abilities.…”