Three kinds of normative behaviour: minimal requirements for feedback models

Abstract

We present an analysis for modelling social norms. In social psychology three different normative behaviours have been identified: obedience, conformity and compliance. We show that this triad is a useful conceptualisation of normative behaviour and that current models only ever deal with conformity and obedience two, neglecting compliance. We argue that this is a result from modelling having so far focussed too much on agent behaviour rather than agent knowledge and that cognitive models of normative behaviour are needed to capture this third and arguably most interesting normative behaviour.

Attitude Change in Arbitrarily Large Organizations

“…13 The assumption that u > d can also be justi…ed by the fact that managers control several factors that may a¤ect values, beliefs and attitudes of their subordinates (Harrison and Carroll, 1991). In the same vein, the in ‡uence exercised by superiors over subordinates encompasses not only an element of conformity, whereby an agent simply follows the behavior of another agent, but also an element of obedience, which results from enforcement by an authority (Elsenbroich and Xenitidou, 2012).…”

Modeling self-perception agents in an opinion dynamics propagation society

“…Researchers are currently addressing new trends in societal influences and public opinion formation constructed and disseminated via electronic transmission formats. [11][12][13][14] Specifically, a growing number of social scientists are studying ways that information is dispersed. 1,2,6,[11][12][13][14] Examples include studies of mass protest activities supported by social and network media, such as Facebook and Twitter, and analyses of discourses used by different political parties based on individual opinion data.…”

“…[11][12][13][14] Specifically, a growing number of social scientists are studying ways that information is dispersed. 1,2,6,[11][12][13][14] Examples include studies of mass protest activities supported by social and network media, such as Facebook and Twitter, and analyses of discourses used by different political parties based on individual opinion data. 6,11,[13][14][15] Many of these researchers have used agent-based artificial societies and simulations to address the topic of ''dynamic opinion propagation''.…”

“…6,11,[13][14][15] Many of these researchers have used agent-based artificial societies and simulations to address the topic of ''dynamic opinion propagation''. 3,6,12,13,[16][17][18][19] The most frequently used models of opinion dynamics are the bounded confidence (BC) 4 and Hegselmann-Krause (HK) 3 models. Based on the BC model, the HK model has the additional uncertainty parameter ε.…”

“…Many researchers in the fields of sociology and psychology have observed inconsistencies between individuals' inner attitudes and expressed opinions, 5,[20][21][22][23][24][25] with checks and balances coming in the form of job or social pressure and public opinion, among others. 5,20,22 Sociologists have noted that when people express their opinions under normative informational social influences, 5,12,24,25 they are likely to feel a mix of private acceptance and public conformity [26][27][28] -that is, a gap between inner attitude and the explicit expression of an opinion. According to experimental results reported by Asch, 5,23 individuals often agree with others' opinions due to a desire for security within groups typically consisting of individuals of a similar age, culture, religion, or educational status.…”