Three-electrode discharge laser with a middle control electrode

Borovkov, V. V.; Воронин, В. В.; Voronov, S. L.; Zenkov, D. I.; Lazhintsev, B V; Nor-Arevyan, V A; Tananakin, V.A.; Fedorov, G I; Yutkin, I M

doi:10.1070/qe1995v025n05abeh000374

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Our approach for a highly efficient electric discharge circuit for high-power KrC1 lasers with long optical pulses is to eliminate the magnetic switch. We report in this paper a prepulse-mainpulse discharge circuit using a three-electrode design similar to the one introduced by Borovkov et al 9 In contrast to the previously investigated circuits,9"° our discharge system is capable to break down both discharge volumes simultaneously. As a result, the full discharge current is immediately established, leading to homogeneous discharges in gas mixtures of Kr/HCI/Ne and Xe/HC1INe at 5 bar total pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A three-electrode discharge system for long-pulse high-power KrCl excimer lasers

et al. 2005

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High-pressure gas discharge experiments are carried out in a novel three-electrode prepulse-mainpulse configuration with two discharge volumes. The design is capable to break down both x-ray preionized volumes at the same time. First experiments in Xe/HC1/Ne mixtures reveal spatially very homogeneous discharges for up to 350ns with a power deposition of 260 kW/cm3. For discharges in Kr/HC1JNe mixtures we observe also very homogeneous discharges for a similar long pulse duration when a low krypton concentration of 10 mbar is used. For discharges in mixtures with a higher krypton concentration of 1 00 mbar we still observe very homogeneous discharges for 200 ns. Furthermore the total discharge current is established 8-10 times faster than in other systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A three-electrode discharge system for long-pulse high-power KrCl excimer lasers

et al. 2005

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“…Another approach to separate both circuits by a switch is to make use of a volume separation obtained through the implementation of a third electrode [12][13][14]. This discharge geometry has been introduced earlier but it was applied to short pulse lasers [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This discharge geometry has been introduced earlier but it was applied to short pulse lasers [15]. Borovkov et al succeeded in the development of a three-electrode XeCl laser [12] with an overall efficiency of 2.8% and laser pulse duration of 100 ns. In this scheme, the discharges in the two volumes start consecutively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A compact three-electrode discharge system for long-pulse KrCl excimer lasers

Casper

Bastiaens

Peters

et al. 2007

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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Spatially very homogeneous gas discharges with long-pulse duration have been realized in HCl-based rare-gas halide gas mixtures at over-atmospheric pressures. A low inductive three-electrode prepulse-mainpulse configuration with two discharge volumes has been used as excitation circuit. The energy transfer efficiency of the pump circuit is very high and reaches 87%. Furthermore, the rise time of the discharge current is very short, in order to improve the discharge stability for high pump powers. Experiments in Xe/HCl/Ne mixtures reveal spatially very homogeneous discharges for up to 370 ns (FWHM) with a power deposition of 260 kW cm −3 . For discharges in Kr/HCl/Ne mixtures, we also observe very homogeneous discharges for pump power densities of more than 500 kW cm −3 . Discharges in mixtures with a krypton concentration of 100 mbar and 0.5 mbar HCl are homogeneous for 300 ns against 200 ns when 1 mbar of HCl is used.

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“…To overcome these limitations set by magnetic switches, we employ a three-electrode discharge circuit [13][14][15] to pump a high-pressure KrCl laser. In this laser, two discharge volumes are formed by using three electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-pulse KrCl laser with a high discharge quality

et al. 2007

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The discharge quality and optimum pump parameters of a long-pulse high-pressure gas discharge excited KrCl laser are investigated. A three-electrode prepulse-mainpulse excitation circuit is employed as pump source. The discharge volume contains a gas mixture of HCl/Kr/Ne operated at a total pressure of up to 5 bar. For a plane-plane resonator, the divergence of both output laser beams is measured. A low beam divergence of less than 1 mrad is measured as a result of the very high discharge homogeneity. A maximum laser pulse duration of 150 ns (FWHM) is achieved for a pump duration of 270 ns (FWHM) and a power density of 340 kW cm −3 . Pumping the discharge under optimum conditions employing a stable resonator results in a maximum specific energy of 0.45 J/l with a laser pulse duration of 117 ns and an efficiency of 0.63% based on the deposited energy. High-pressure gas-discharge pumped rare-gas halide excimer lasers are sources of very powerful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The wavelength range covered and the high pulse energies have made excimer lasers an extensively used tool for applications in science, industry and also in medicine [1,2]. Gas discharge pumping opened the way to UV-lasers with pulse repetition rates up to several kHz with output powers up to the kW-level. However, excimer lasers pumped by a simple charge-transfer circuit [3,4] are restricted to low efficiencies and short pulse durations of only a few tens of nanoseconds. Voltage matching between the storage capacitance used to pump the laser and the discharge steady-state voltage is hardly achievable with such circuits. The discharge current tends to oscillate under these conditions. Discharge instabilities grow rapidly due to the voltage mismatching and the current oscillation. The beam quality of these lasers is poor, as the required time to build up a beam with a low divergence is longer than the stability time of the discharge.An important step to increase the efficiency and pulse duration of excimer lasers has been the development of u Fax: +31 53 4891102, E-mail: l.c.casper@tnw.utwente.nl the prepulse-mainpulse excitation technique [5,6]. The prepulse, a very fast rising high-voltage pulse, is applied to the discharge electrodes within a few nanoseconds after preionization to initiate the discharge homogeneously. A lowimpedance circuit generates the mainpulse in order to sustain the discharge and to pump the laser. The mainpulse voltage can be chosen independently from the prepulse voltage. Therefore, matching between the sustaining voltage and the steady-state voltage can be realized. As a result, this excitation technique leads to an optimization of the pump efficiency as the voltage matching is possible and current ringing can be avoided. The discharge stability improves considerably and leads to an extension of the laser pulse duration. In the case of XeCl lasers (308 nm), laser pulse durations of several hundreds of nanoseconds with efficiencies up to 5% have been realized [7,8] and raised strong interest in science and indu...

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Three-electrode discharge laser with a middle control electrode

Abstract: Lattices for 8 and 30 GeV proton drivers are described. The former is for a potential upgrade of the ISIS facility at RAL, and the latter for a possible neutrino factory driver in the ISR tunnel at CERN.

Cited by 3 publications

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A three-electrode discharge system for long-pulse high-power KrCl excimer lasers

A three-electrode discharge system for long-pulse high-power KrCl excimer lasers

A compact three-electrode discharge system for long-pulse KrCl excimer lasers

Long-pulse KrCl laser with a high discharge quality

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