Three Distraction Methods for Pain Reduction During Cystoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Effects on Pain, Anxiety, and Satisfaction

Gezginci, Elif; İyigün, Emine; Kïbar, Yusuf; Bedir, Selahattin

doi:10.1089/end.2018.0491

Cited by 42 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…[20][21][22] Various approaches such as topical urethral analgesia, dorsal penile nerve block, sedation, and listening music therapy have been used to make this procedure more tolerable for patients. [5][6][7]23 Our results suggest that in rigid cystoscopy patients, hypnosis was effective in reducing anxiety and pain as measured by STAI and VAS, respectively, along with physiologic measures such as MAP and heart rate. This observation accords well with the likelihood that the anxiety and pain are often associated, providing a vicious cycle between the two.…”

Section: Hypnosis For Anxiety and Pain In Rigid Cystoscopymentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Various anesthetic and anxiolytic approaches have been used to relieve urethral pain and anxiety about the pain during rigid cystoscopy. [5][6][7] However, some of these approaches may be insufficient, whereas pharmacologic treatments can bring undesirable side effects, increased costs, and hospitalization times. Hypnosis is an effective, safe, noninvasive, and inexpensive tool for reducing the anxiety or pain, which can also be used as an adjunct to standard care.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Randomized Clinical Trial on the Effect of Hypnosis on Anxiety and Pain in Rigid Cystoscopy Patients

Tezcan

Ademoğlu²,

Can

et al. 2021

Journal of Endourology

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Introduction: Cystoscopy is one of the most common procedures in outpatient urology. Although flexible cystoscopes are more tolerable, rigid cystoscopes have still been used in many clinics because of their lower costs, better visual performance, and easier handling. It can be difficult to achieve optimal relief of pain and anxiety during rigid cystoscopy. The aim of the present prospective randomized study was to evaluate the efficacy of hypnosis as an adjunct to routine local anesthesia in reducing pain and anxiety in rigid cystoscopy patients. Materials and Methods: Ninety male patients undergoing rigid cystoscopy for the first time were randomized into two groups: (1) Hypnosis Group (Group H) patients underwent cystoscopy with hypnotic communication as an adjuvant approach for periprocedural analgesia and anxiety, (2) Standard Care Group (Group SC) patients underwent cystoscopy with routine local anesthesia and lubrication as control group. The data were collected using visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for anxiety and hemodynamic parameters. Furthermore, a VAS was also completed by the urologist to assess his satisfaction. Results: Baseline characteristics, STAI, hemodynamic parameters, and recovery duration were statistically similar between the two groups. The procedure duration was shorter in Group H (p = 0.018). The postprocedural STAI and VAS scores of patients in Group H were significantly lower than those of Group SC (p = 0.006; p = 0.02, respectively). Heart rate and mean arterial pressure after positioning of the patient (p = 0.000; p = 0.004, respectively) and insertion of the cystoscope (p = 0.000; p = 0.000) were statistically lower in Group H, whereas baseline, postprocedural, and predischarge hemodynamic measurements were similar. Urologists were also more satisfied in Group H (p = 0.000). Conclusion: Hypnosis as an adjunct therapy to local anesthesia during rigid cystoscopy significantly reduces pain and anxiety, provides more stable hemodynamic conditions, shortens procedure duration, and thus appears attractive for pain and anxiety management.

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Section: Hypnosis For Anxiety and Pain In Rigid Cystoscopymentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Randomized Clinical Trial on the Effect of Hypnosis on Anxiety and Pain in Rigid Cystoscopy Patients

Tezcan

Ademoğlu²,

Can

et al. 2021

Journal of Endourology

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“…In our study, the pain level was lower in the visual distraction group with a score of about 1.2 compared with the auditory distraction group. Similarly, Gezginci et al (2018) [ 35 ] found that visual distraction through watching a favorite video consisting of nature, Guinness records, adrenaline-filled action videos, soccer, comedy, and camera jokes 10–15 min before cystoscopy until its completion reduced pain during cystoscopy more than the auditory distraction such as listening to Turkish favorite music. Conversely, De Silva et al (2016) [ 13 ] showed that listening to preferred music consisting of songs in Sinhala, Hindi, Classic, and Hip-Hop genres for 20 min reduced pain during colonoscopy more than watching a preferred movie including Sinhala, Hindi, and English action, comedy, and cartoon films.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Effects of Visual and Auditory Distractions on Fistula Cannulation Pain among Older Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

et al. 2020

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Pain associated with fistula cannulation is a challenge for nurses who provide care to older patients undergoing hemodialysis. Several non-pharmacological methods have been suggested for relieving fistula cannulation pain, but the benefits of visual and auditory distraction methods among older patients undergoing hemodialysis have not been investigated yet. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of visual and auditory distractions on fistula cannulation pain among older patients undergoing hemodialysis. This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 120 older patients undergoing hemodialysis. They were randomly assigned to three groups of visual distraction, auditory distraction, and the control (n = 40 in each group) using a simple random assignment method. The distraction interventions continued for three consecutive sessions and the numeric rating scale of pain severity was used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis using SPSS. It was found that pain severity significantly reduced after the distraction interventions in either the auditory or visual distraction groups and also after all three distraction sessions (p = 0.001). However, visual distraction had a better effect on the reduction of pain severity. Therefore, while both visual and auditory distractions reduced pain severity in older patients undergoing hemodialysis, visual distraction was more effective. Nurses are encouraged to incorporate visual distraction as a safe and non-pharmacologic technique into routine nursing care for reducing older patients’ suffering and improving their wellbeing when fistula cannulation is performed.

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“…Whereas on a regular basis cystoscopy is the most widely adopted measure for NMIBC treatment and is regarded as the gold standard, it has to be conducted regularly and can be inconvenient and uncomfortable with patients due to its invasiveness [11]. Some patients develop pink urine or hematuria after cystoscopy, which can even be complicated by infection, leading to fever [12][13][14]. Cytological test where doctors often employ for follow-up is not perfect either in that it is good in specificity but not in sensitivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pooled analysis of Xpert Bladder Cancer based on the 5 mRNAs for rapid diagnosis of bladder carcinoma

et al. 2021

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Background Xpert Bladder Cancer is a detection method developed in recent years, designed with the functions of integrating sample automatically, nucleic acid amplification, and target sequence detection. It is a urine assay targeting five mRNAs (CRH, IGF2, UPK1B, ANXA10, and ABL1). The purpose of this article is to review the accuracy of Xpert Bladder Cancer in the follow-up diagnosis of bladder cancer and evaluate the role of Xpert Bladder Cancer in detecting the recurrence of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer in the round. Methods In the database of Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, the articles published up to October 13, 2020, were searched and screened based on the exclusion and inclusion criteria, and data were extracted from the included studies. The sensitivity, specificity, negative likelihood ratio, positive likelihood ratio summary of receiver operating characteristic curves, and diagnostic odds ratio were combined by the Meta-DiSc 1.4 software. The Stata 12.0 software was used to obtain the assessment of publication bias. Results A total of 8 articles involving eight fourfold tables were finally identified. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of Xpert Bladder Cancer in the diagnosis of bladder cancer were 0.71 and 0.81, respectively. The positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio were 3.74 and 0.34, respectively. The area under the curve was 0.8407. The diagnostic odds ratio was 11.99. Deeks’ funnel plot asymmetry test manifested no publication bias. Conclusions In summary, Xpert Bladder Cancer presents high accuracy and specificity in monitoring bladder cancer compared with cystoscopy. More researches are still required to further confirm this conclusion.

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Three Distraction Methods for Pain Reduction During Cystoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Effects on Pain, Anxiety, and Satisfaction

Cited by 42 publications

References 19 publications

A Randomized Clinical Trial on the Effect of Hypnosis on Anxiety and Pain in Rigid Cystoscopy Patients

A Randomized Clinical Trial on the Effect of Hypnosis on Anxiety and Pain in Rigid Cystoscopy Patients

Comparison of the Effects of Visual and Auditory Distractions on Fistula Cannulation Pain among Older Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Pooled analysis of Xpert Bladder Cancer based on the 5 mRNAs for rapid diagnosis of bladder carcinoma

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