Three Distinct Lipid Kinase Activities Are Present in Spinach Chloroplast Envelope Membranes: Phosphatidylinositol Phosphorylation Is Sensitive to Wortmannin and Not Dependent on Chloroplast ATP

Bovet, Lucien; Müller, Marc-Olivier; Siegenthaler, Paul‐André

doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.5969

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In addition, the DAGK may well compete with the activity measured for the genuine envelope PA phosphatase (ϳ1 nmol/min/mg of protein (61)), and these two enzymes might catalyze a futile cycle. A native DAGK activity detected in envelope membranes is many orders of magnitude lower than the heterologous activity measured in the present investigation (36,37). Repeated rounds of self-pollination after germination on kanamycin resulted in two homozygous tobacco lines (t1 and t2) carrying the bacterial DAGK at a single locus as confirmed by Southern blots.…”

Section: Transgenic Plants Are Smaller Show Dagk Activity In the Envcontrasting

confidence: 67%

“…This phosphorylation step requires the expression of only one additional enzyme, a DAG kinase (DAGK), in chloroplast envelopes. Higher plants encode a gene family of DAGK (35), but only very low activity of an unspecified member of this family has been measured in envelopes (36,37). In the genomes of cyanobacteria a nucleotide sequence with high similarity to bacterial DAGK is present (Cyanobase, www.kazusa.or.jp/cyanobase/).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Channeling of Eukaryotic Diacylglycerol into the Biosynthesis of Plastidial Phosphatidylglycerol

Fritz

Lokstein

Hackenberg

et al. 2007

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Plastidial glycolipids contain diacylglycerol (DAG) moieties, which are either synthesized in the plastids (prokaryotic lipids) or originate in the extraplastidial compartment (eukaryotic lipids) necessitating their transfer into plastids. In contrast, the only phospholipid in plastids, phosphatidylglycerol (PG), contains exclusively prokaryotic DAG backbones. PG contributes in several ways to the functions of chloroplasts, but it is not known to what extent its prokaryotic nature is required to fulfill these tasks. As a first step toward answering this question, we produced transgenic tobacco plants that contain eukaryotic PG in thylakoids. This was achieved by targeting a bacterial DAG kinase into chloroplasts in which the heterologous enzyme was also incorporated into the envelope fraction. From lipid analysis we conclude that the DAG kinase phosphorylated eukaryotic DAG forming phosphatidic acid, which was converted into PG. This resulted in PG with 2-3 times more eukaryotic than prokaryotic DAG backbones. In the newly formed PG the unique ⌬3-trans-double bond, normally confined to 3-transhexadecenoic acid, was also found in sn-2-bound cis-unsaturated C18 fatty acids. In addition, a lipidomics technique allowed the characterization of phosphatidic acid, which is assumed to be derived from eukaryotic DAG precursors in the chloroplasts of the transgenic plants. The differences in lipid composition had only minor effects on measured functions of the photosynthetic apparatus, whereas the most obvious phenotype was a significant reduction in growth.

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Section: Transgenic Plants Are Smaller Show Dagk Activity In the Envcontrasting

confidence: 67%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Channeling of Eukaryotic Diacylglycerol into the Biosynthesis of Plastidial Phosphatidylglycerol

Fritz

Lokstein

Hackenberg

et al. 2007

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…As shown in Figure 1C, PDV1 and PDV2, but not GST, bound to PI4P. Since PI4P is present in chloroplast membranes (Bovet et al, 2001), PDV1 and PDV2 are probably able to interact with PI4P in vivo. Chloroplast membranes contain neither PS nor CL (Douce and Joyard, 1990); thus, they would not be targets for DRP5B binding on the chloroplast membrane.…”

Section: Pdv1 Pdv2 and Drp5b Exhibit Specific Interactions With Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…PDV1 and PDV2 are key components in the regulation of chloroplast division (Okazaki et al, 2009); thus, the regulation of PDV1 activity by PI4P links chloroplast division to developmental processes and environmental responses. Although PI and its phosphorylated derivatives were detected in chloroplasts (Douce and Joyard, 1990;Bovet et al, 2001), their functions in chloroplasts have not been clarified. In this study, we clarified that PI4P negatively regulates chloroplast division and the function of phosphoinositides in chloroplasts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PI4P is synthesized by phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase (PI4K), and PI4K activities are present in many cellular compartments, including the plasma membrane (Sommarin and Sandelius, 1988), cytosol (Okpodu et al, 1995), cytoskeleton (Xu et al, 1992), and nucleus (Hendrix et al, 1989). The existence of PI kinase activity was reported in chloroplast envelope membranes, and phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P) and PI4P were identified as its products (Bovet et al, 2001). Although the presence of phosphoinositides in chloroplast membranes suggests that signal transduction pathways and/or protein regulation occur in the envelopes, little is known about the functions of the PI phosphates and what genes are involved in their synthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Negatively Regulates Chloroplast Division in Arabidopsis

2015

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Chloroplast division is performed by the constriction of envelope membranes at the division site. Although constriction of a ring-like protein complex has been shown to be involved in chloroplast division, it remains unknown how membrane lipids participate in the process. Here, we show that phosphoinositides with unknown function in envelope membranes are involved in the regulation of chloroplast division in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLASTID DIVISION1 (PDV1) and PDV2 proteins interacted specifically with phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P). Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase (PI4K) decreased the level of PI4P in chloroplasts and accelerated chloroplast division. Knockout of PI4Kb2 expression or downregulation of PI4Ka1 expression resulted in decreased levels of PI4P in chloroplasts and increased chloroplast numbers. PI4Ka1 is the main contributor to PI4P synthesis in chloroplasts, and the effect of PI4K inhibition was largely abolished in the pdv1 mutant. Overexpression of DYNAMIN-RELATED PROTEIN5B (DRP5B), another component of the chloroplast division machinery, which is recruited to chloroplasts by PDV1 and PDV2, enhanced the effect of PI4K inhibition, whereas overexpression of PDV1 and PDV2 had additive effects. The amount of DRP5B that associated with chloroplasts increased upon PI4K inhibition. These findings suggest that PI4P is a regulator of chloroplast division in a PDV1-and DRP5B-dependent manner.

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Biogenesis of the Thylakoid Membrane

Robinson

Mant²

2018

Annual Plant Reviews Online

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Three Distinct Lipid Kinase Activities Are Present in Spinach Chloroplast Envelope Membranes: Phosphatidylinositol Phosphorylation Is Sensitive to Wortmannin and Not Dependent on Chloroplast ATP

Cited by 19 publications

References 39 publications

Channeling of Eukaryotic Diacylglycerol into the Biosynthesis of Plastidial Phosphatidylglycerol

Channeling of Eukaryotic Diacylglycerol into the Biosynthesis of Plastidial Phosphatidylglycerol

Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Negatively Regulates Chloroplast Division in Arabidopsis

Biogenesis of the Thylakoid Membrane

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