Three-dimensional wide-angle azimuthal PE solution to modified benchmark problems

Abstract

In predicting wave propagation, the size of the angle of propagation plays an important role; thus, the concept of wide-angle is introduced. Most existing acoustic propagation prediction models do have the capability of treating the wide-angle but the treatment, in practice, is vertical propagation angle. This is desirable for solving 2D (r-z) problems. Typically, 3D problems are dealt with an N by 2D approximation. To deal with problems possessing 3D effects, the azimuthal coupling terms have to be considered in PE approximation. Moreover, in extending the 2D treatment to 3D, the wide-angle capability is maintained in most 3D models, but it is still vertical. Hence the concept of wide-angle is introduced in azimuthal direction to enhance the capability of predicting the azimuthal coupling and thus the 3D effects. A truncated wedge-shaped ocean which is modified from ASA benchmark problems is used in this study. The results show apparent 3D effects and validate the 3D wide-angle azimuthal PE model, a wide-angle version of FOR3D.

Comparisons of laboratory scale measurements of three-dimensional acoustic propagation with solutions by a parabolic equation model

“…More recently, renewed interested stimulated by experimental evidence of 3-D propagation [2][3][4][5][6] has given rise to an increasing number of publications reporting developments in theoretical and numerical 3-D modeling. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Of particular importance is the establishment of test cases for 3-D model validation and performance comparison. Significant efforts have been put into establishing benchmark solutions to canonical test cases, 14 among which notable is the 3-D ASA wedge problem simulating a continental shelf environment.…”