Three‐dimensional volumetric measurement of the aortic root compared to standard two‐dimensional measurements using cardiac computed tomography

Abstract

Introduction Two‐dimensional measurements are self‐evidently limited when seeking accurately to represent the three‐dimensional complexity of the aortic root. Volumetric measurement, therefore, seems an ideal alternative for a more accurate assessment. Materials and Methods We retrospectively analyzed 123 individuals undergoing cardiac computed tomography. We measured the dimensions of the sinuses of Valsalva using routine multiplanar short axis imaging. Three conventional two‐dimensional methods were applied to measure the dimensions of the sinuses. These involved bisecting center of sinus‐to‐center of interleaflet triangle measures, along with center of sinus‐to‐center of sinus, and largest sinus‐to‐sinus measurements. We then quantified the volumes of the root using the volume‐rendering method. Results The mean dimensions of the sinuses were significantly greater when measured using the largest sinus‐to‐sinus method as opposed to center of sinus‐to‐center of interleaflet triangle and center of sinus‐to‐center of sinus methods (33.6 ± 3.6 mm vs. 31.1 ± 3.1 mm and 30.9 ± 3.3 mm, p < .0001). The mean root volume of 13.6 ± 4.2 ml showed the strongest correlation with the mean dimensions of the sinuses of Valsalva measured using the bisecting method (R2 = .8401, p < .0001). Conclusions By using two‐ and three‐dimensional measurements, we have provided average data for the structurally normal aortic root. The differences and correlations encountered should be noted when evaluating and following changes in the diseased root.

Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Two-Dimensional Cardiovascular Angiography Image Sequences by Local Threshold Segmentation Algorithm

“…Compared with the global threshold segmentation algorithm, the local threshold segmentation algorithm lost less blood vessel information, and the small and large blood vessels in the middle area were clearly separated [17,18]. It showed that the algorithm of this research was superior to the other two in segmentation effect and computing time, this is similar to the research results of Suzuki et al [19].…”

Aortic Valve Leaflets Are Asymmetric and Correlated With the Origin of Coronary Arteries

“…1) (1,2), a nding con rmed by recent studies as well in adults (3)(4)(5). Despite this well-known feature, to the best of our knowledge the precise quantitative relationship between the lea ets size and shape has not yet been well de ned in large studies in pediatric populations, and studies in adults have used anatomic positioning of the lea ets as opposed to correlation of normal or abnormal origin of the coronary arteries (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11).…”

Expert Consensus Statement: Anatomy, Imaging, and Nomenclature of Congenital Aortic Root Malformations

“…6 The space proximal to the skirt of tissue provided by the leaflets during diastole, which is distal to the plane of the virtual basal ring, hemodynamically is part of the left ventricular outflow tract. 6,7…”

“…When monitoring these patients, given the complexity of measuring the congenitally malformed aortic root, it may be helpful to measure cross-sectional areas or three-dimensional volumes. 7…”