Three‐dimensional ultrasonography in evaluation of benign prostatic hyperplasia

Abstract

Background : The clinical application of volume estimation by 3-D ultrasound has recently gained much attention. However, there have been no reports evaluating the prostate volume by 3-D transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) before transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the value of 3-D TRUS for prediction of prostate morphology and resected weight before TURP and to investigate whether 3-D TRUS is a more useful examination than 2D TRUS in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods : Transurethral resection of the prostate was performed in 23 patients with BPH. We evaluated the prostate morphology and measured both the volumes of the whole prostate and the transition zone using 2-D and 3-D TRUS, respectively. The actual resected weight was recorded and compared with the volume of the whole prostate and that of the transition zone measured by 2D and 3-D TRUS.Results : The volume of the transition zone measured by 3-D TRUS correlated most strongly with the resected weight ( r = 0.84). A large median lobe was seen in three patients in whom the transition zone volume measured by 2-D TRUS was considerably larger than the resected weight. However, overestimation in the three patients decreased by the use of 3-D TRUS. Conclusions : It was concluded that 3-D TRUS was equal or superior to 2-D TRUS in prediction of the resected weight and 3-D TRUS offers better information as a diagnostic tool before TURP.Key words benign prostatic hyperplasia, three-dimensional ultrasound, transrectal ultrasound, transurethral resection of the prostate, volume calculation.

Validation of supra-pubic ultrasonography for preoperative prostate volume measurement in sub-Saharan Africa

“…As such, SPUS shows promise as a modality to support modern surgical techniques like TURP for the management of BPH in sub-Saharan Africa. This study found a strong correlation (q = 0.98) between the preoperative volume of prostate using SPUS and TRUS, as in previous studies [5,7,8,[11][12][13][14]. Agreement between modalities was also strong, based on Bland-Altman analysis [10], with zero bias and upper and lower limits of agreement less than ±15 mL.…”

“…Similarly, Kanao et al compared the volume of the whole prostate and the weight of the enucleated adenoma on 23 Japanese patients with BPH and found a difference of 21 mL between preoperative prostate volume and volume of enucleated adenoma [13]. Incomplete removal of the adenoma or volume overestimation by ultrasound techniques may explain this discrepancy.…”

Effect of Prostatitis on Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: Retrospective Analysis of Prostate Biopsy Tissue

“…More than 6% of visiting patients with a primary diagnosis of prostatitis have a concomitant diagnosis of BPH. Some older men with LUTS may be incorrectly diagnosed with BPH simply because of their symptoms and their old age, or they may have prostatitis as well as BPH [20]. Recently, there has been much research on this.…”

Benign prostatic hyperplasia: Clinical benefits on Three‐Dimensional ultrasound eXtended Imaging (3D‐XI)

“…This was one of the main ongoing needs for technical developments capable of improving ultrasound image resolution without disturbing real time display. The development has started with the introduction of three‐dimensional ultrasound (3D US) into the imaging field and is particularly robust with the recent advances of dynamic interactive speckle reduction 19–21 …”

“…The development has started with the introduction of three-dimensional ultrasound (3D US) into the imaging field and is particularly robust with the recent advances of dynamic interactive speckle reduction. [19][20][21] In the present study, we used Three-Dimensional eXtended Imaging (3D XI) technology, which is a software update of 3D US, as a comprehensive modality to try to correlate symptoms in isolated BPH through characterization of nodular balance alongside the prostatic urethra and the nodular type-dominance in aging men, through which further studies may advance.…”