Three-Dimensional Super-Resolution Imaging Using a Row–Column Array

Jensen, Jørgen Arendt; Tomov, Borislav Gueorguiev; Ommen, Martin Lind; Øygard, Sigrid Husebø; Schou, Mikkel; Sams, Thomas; Stuart, Matthias Bo; Beers, Christopher; Thomsen, Erik Vilain; Larsen, Niels Bent

doi:10.1109/tuffc.2019.2948563

Cited by 49 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…The 3D reconstructions give a more complete morphological examination, but do not allow MB tracking in the elevational plane or motion compensation in all three directions. This could become feasible with other types of probes, e.g., row-column and matrix ultrasound probes that are currently being developed for in vivo SR imaging [ 54 , 55 , 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Super-Resolution Imaging with Ultrasound for Visualization of the Renal Microvasculature in Rats Before and After Renal Ischemia: A Pilot Study

Andersen,

Taghavi,

Hoyos

et al. 2020

Diagnostics

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In vivo monitoring of the microvasculature is relevant since diseases such as diabetes, ischemia, or cancer cause microvascular impairment. Super-resolution ultrasound imaging allows in vivo examination of the microvasculature by detecting and tracking sparsely distributed intravascular microbubbles over a minute-long period. The ability to create detailed images of the renal vasculature of Sprague-Dawley rats using a modified clinical ultrasound platform was investigated in this study. Additionally, we hypothesized that early ischemic damage to the renal microcirculation could be visualized. After a baseline scan of the exposed kidney, 10 rats underwent clamping of the renal vein (n = 5) or artery (n = 5) for 45 min. The kidneys were rescanned at the onset of clamp release and after 60 min of reperfusion. Using a processing pipeline for tissue motion compensation and microbubble tracking, super-resolution images with a very high level of detail were constructed. Image filtration allowed further characterization of the vasculature by isolating specific vessels such as the ascending vasa recta with a 15–20 μm diameter. Using the super-resolution images alone, it was only possible for six assessors to consistently distinguish the healthy renal microvasculature from the microvasculature at the onset of vein clamp release. Future studies will aim at attaining quantitative estimations of alterations in the renal microvascular blood flow using super-resolution ultrasound imaging.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Super-Resolution Imaging with Ultrasound for Visualization of the Renal Microvasculature in Rats Before and After Renal Ischemia: A Pilot Study

Andersen,

Taghavi,

Hoyos

et al. 2020

Diagnostics

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“…The full volume was beamformed continuously, and the envelope signal was processed in a 3-D super resolution pipeline for bubble detection and presentation. A precision of roughly 20 µm was attained in all three coordinates in the full volume [83].…”

Section: From 2-d To 4-dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three-dimensional super resolution of of 3-D printed micro-phantom with a 200 µm diameter channel. The blue dots each indicate a single detected bubble (from[83]). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

History and Latest Advances in Flow Estimation Technology: From 1-D in 2-D to 3-D in 4-D

Jensen

Traberg

Nguyen

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS)

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Ultrasound imaging of flow has seen a tremendous development over the last sixty years from 1-D spectral displays to color flow mapping and the latest Vector Flow Imaging (VFI). The paper gives an overview of the development from current commercial vector flow systems to the latest advances in fast 4-D volumetric visualizations. It includes a description of the radical break with the current sequential data acquisition by the introduction of synthetic aperture imaging, where the whole region of interest is insonified using either spherical or plane waves also known as ultrafast imaging. This makes it possible to track flow continuously in all directions at frame rates of thousands of images per second. The latest research translates this to full volumetric imaging by employing matrix arrays and row-column arrays for full 3-D vector velocity estimation at all spatial points visualized at very high volume rates (4-D).

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“…In total 640 volumetric frames were acquired over 640 positions. The volumetric frames were then passed to the SRI pipeline [13].…”

Section: B Experimental Setup and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coordinates can then be collected across all imaged frames to form tracks. The pipeline was implemented in MATLAB, and processing was performed offline [13]. Fig.…”

Section: Super-resolution Pipelinementioning

confidence: 99%

3D Printed Calibration Micro-phantoms for Validation of Super-Resolution Ultrasound Imaging

Ommen

Schou

Beers³

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS)

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This study evaluates the use of 3D printed phantoms for super-resolution ultrasound imaging (SRI) algorithm calibration. Stereolithography is used for printing calibration phantoms containing eight randomly placed scatterers of nominal size 205 µm × 205 µm × 200 µm. The purpose is to provide a stable reference for validating new ultrasonic imaging techniques such as SRI. SRI algorithm calibration is demonstrated by imaging a phantom using a λ/2 pitch 3 MHz 62+62 row-column addressed (RCA) ultrasound probe. As the imaging wavelength is larger than the dimensions of the scatterers, they will appear as single point spread functions in the generated volumes. The scatterers are placed with a minimum separation of 3 mm to avoid overlap of the point spread functions of the scatterers. 640 volumes containing the phantom features are generated, with an intervolume uniaxial movement of 12.5 µm, emulating a flow velocity of 2 mm/s at a volume frequency of 160 Hz. A superresolution pipeline is applied to the obtained volumes to localise the positions of the scatterers and track them across the 640 volumes. The standard deviation of the variation in the scatterer positions along each track is used as an estimate of the precision of the super-resolution algorithm, and was found to be between the two limiting estimates of (x, y, z) = (17.7, 27.6, 9.5) µm and (x, y, z) = (17.3, 19.3, 8.7) µm. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the use of 3D printed phantoms for determining the precision of super-resolution algorithms.

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Three-Dimensional Super-Resolution Imaging Using a Row–Column Array

Cited by 49 publications

References 44 publications

Super-Resolution Imaging with Ultrasound for Visualization of the Renal Microvasculature in Rats Before and After Renal Ischemia: A Pilot Study

Super-Resolution Imaging with Ultrasound for Visualization of the Renal Microvasculature in Rats Before and After Renal Ischemia: A Pilot Study

History and Latest Advances in Flow Estimation Technology: From 1-D in 2-D to 3-D in 4-D

3D Printed Calibration Micro-phantoms for Validation of Super-Resolution Ultrasound Imaging

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