Three-dimensional simulation of forging using tetrahedral and hexahedral elements

Lee, M. C.; Chung, Soo Hyun; Jang, S.M.; Joun, Man Soo

doi:10.1016/j.finel.2009.06.002

Cited by 38 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The MINI element uses a bubble node for velocity at the element center of gravity to satisfy the inf-sup condition for incompressible fluids (Arnold et al 1984). Although there are more accurate elements, the MINI element has been used in many fluid simulations (Lee et al 2009;Gresho 1998) and it is easy to implement, making it an ideal choice to demonstrate the DDM for the PFEM. The element pressure field does not utilize the bubble node and is based on linear interpolation from the nodal pressures…”

Section: Mini Elementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Differentiation of the Particle Finite-Element Method for Fluid–Structure Interaction

Zhu

Scott

2016

J. Struct. Eng.

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Sensitivity analysis of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) provides an important tool for assessing the reliability and performance of coastal infrastructure subjected to storm and tsunami hazards. As a preliminary step for gradient-based applications in reliability, optimization, system identification, and performance-based engineering of coastal infrastructure, the direct differentiation method (DDM) is applied to FSI simulations using the particle finite-element method (PFEM). The DDM computes derivatives of FSI response with respect to uncertain design and modeling parameters of the structural and fluid domains that are solved in a monolithic system via the PFEM. Geometric nonlinearity of the free surface fluid flow is considered in the governing equations of the DDM along with sensitivity of material and geometric nonlinear response in the structural domain. The analytical derivatives of elemental matrices and vectors with respect to element properties are evaluated and implemented in an open source finite element software framework. Examples involving both hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loading show that the sensitivity of nodal displacements, pressures, and forces computed by the finite-difference method (FDM) converge to the DDM for simple beam models as well as for a reinforced-concrete frame structure.

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Section: Mini Elementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Differentiation of the Particle Finite-Element Method for Fluid–Structure Interaction

Zhu

Scott

2016

J. Struct. Eng.

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“…Such example can be seen in forging simulations. In [7], the authors have reported that the specific element known as tetrahedral MINI element could perform as well as hexahedral elements despite having a touch of numerical uncertainty. The accuracy for the tetrahedral MINI element is attained with the help of intelligent remeshing technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Virtual Node Hexahedral Element with Exact Integration and Octree Meshing

Perumal

2016

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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The method presented in this work is a 3-dimensional polyhedral finite element (3D PFEM) based on virtual node method. Novel virtual node polyhedral elements (termed as VPHE) are developed here, particularly virtual node hexahedral element (termed as VHE). Stiffness matrices of these polyhedral elements consist of simple polynomials. Thus, a new algorithm is introduced in this paper, which enables exact integration of monomials without a need for high number of integration points and weights. The number of nodes for VHE elements is not restricted, as opposed to the conventional hexahedral elements. This feature enables formulation of transition elements (termed as T-VHE) which are useful to adaptive computation. Performances of the new VHE elements in solid mechanics and conductive heat transfer phenomena are examined through numerical simulations. The new T-VHE elements are utilized in octree mesh. The VHE elements are found to produce good results and T-VHE elements help to reduce number of global nodes for the analysis.

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“…Warm and hot forging processes have several advantages in manufacturing in that the required forging load, and the processing duration for each operation can be reduced [7][8][9]. Recently, demand for various forged components with complex shape has steadily increased, but conventional forging schemes have limitations in meeting requirements such as fast lead-time, low-cost production, and complexity of desired shapes [10][11][12]. Most of the automobile industry and researchers are conscious of the need for simplification and modification of the conventional forging process for obtaining various forged parts with complicated three-dimensional structures and components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The outer race is one of critical load-carrying automobile parts that transmits moment of rotation between the transmission and a driven wheel. This outer race has six inner ball grooves, and is produced by a multi-stage warm forging process that includes forward extrusion [13,14], upsetting [15], first and second backward extrusions [10], necking, ironing, and sizing. In addition, to obtain the final product after finishing the multi-stage forging process, a machining process is also needed [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process Simplification of Multi-Stage Forging for the Outer Race of a CV Joint

Kim²,

Kang

2014

Materials and Manufacturing Processes

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Constant velocity (CV) joint with six inner ball grooves has been conventionally produced by a multi-stage warm forging process that includes forward extrusion, upsetting, backward extrusions, necking, ironing, and sizing. In this study, multi-stage cold forging is presented with four simplified stages of forward extrusion, modified upsetting, backward extrusion, and combined necking-ironing-sizing. A three-dimensional numerical simulation is performed to ensure the appropriateness of the proposed process, and experimental investigations are carried out using spheroidized and phosphophyllite-coated SCr420H billet material. It is shown that the proposed multi-stage cold forging process could be successfully applied to the production of the outer race.

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Three-dimensional simulation of forging using tetrahedral and hexahedral elements

Cited by 38 publications

References 39 publications

Direct Differentiation of the Particle Finite-Element Method for Fluid–Structure Interaction

Direct Differentiation of the Particle Finite-Element Method for Fluid–Structure Interaction

A Novel Virtual Node Hexahedral Element with Exact Integration and Octree Meshing

Process Simplification of Multi-Stage Forging for the Outer Race of a CV Joint

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