Three-dimensional reconstruction of stems for assessment of taper, sweep and lean based on laser scanning of standing trees

Thies, Michael; Pfeifer, Norbert; Winterhalder, Daniel; Gorte, B.G.H.

doi:10.1080/02827580410019562

Cited by 171 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The results show that in terms of robustness to data quality and initial values, the use of the circular cylinder as a geometric primitive in reconstruction approaches (e.g., [8][9][10][11]) is justified. The expected error in volume and surface are low even when comprehensive data are not available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…For all of the shape fitting approaches, the sub-segmentation procedure presented [11] was used, but most of the results are applicable to any reconstruction procedures using the same geometric primitives [9,10]. Using simulated data provided correct reference values of quantities, such as the volume, surface area and taper curves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A branch is modelled as a collection of these primitives [8,9]. Thies et al [10] have presented a method that uses overlapping cylinder primitives to assess stem properties, and we have previously presented a reconstruction process based on geometric primitives [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Geometric Primitives in Quantitative Structure Models of Tree Stems

et al. 2015

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One way to model a tree is to use a collection of geometric primitives to represent the surface and topology of the stem and branches of a tree. The circular cylinder is often used as the geometric primitive, but it is not the only possible choice. We investigate various geometric primitives and modelling schemes, discuss their properties and give practical estimates for expected modelling errors associated with the primitives. We find that the circular cylinder is the most robust primitive in the sense of a well-bounded volumetric modelling error, even with noise and gaps in the data. Its use does not cause errors significantly larger than those with more complex primitives, while the latter are much more sensitive to data quality. However, in some cases, a hybrid approach with more complex primitives for the stem is useful.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Geometric Primitives in Quantitative Structure Models of Tree Stems

et al. 2015

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“…If the curvature is determined in one point, the direction for the principal curvature with a value of 0 is the direction of generators, while the other principal curvature is the inverse of the radius. Tree reconstruction involves elongated, but not straight, objects (Thies et al, 2004, Raumonen et al, 2013, Wang et al, 2016a. These approaches often use the idea of following the form by advancing and adapting a base model to the given point cloud.…”

Section: Problem Statement and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated Reconstruction of Historic Roof Structures From Point Clouds – Development and Examples

Pöchtrager

Styhler-Aydın

Döring-Williams

et al. 2017

ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:The analysis of historic roof constructions is an important task for planning the adaptive reuse of buildings or for maintenance and restoration issues. Current approaches to modeling roof constructions consist of several consecutive operations that need to be done manually or using semi-automatic routines. To increase efficiency and allow the focus to be on analysis rather than on data processing, a set of methods was developed for the fully automated analysis of the roof constructions, including integration of architectural and structural modeling. Terrestrial laser scanning permits high-detail surveying of large-scale structures within a short time. Whereas 3-D laser scan data consist of millions of single points on the object surface, we need a geometric description of structural elements in order to obtain a structural model consisting of beam axis and connections. Preliminary results showed that the developed methods work well for beams in flawless condition with a quadratic cross section and no bending. Deformations or damages such as cracks and cuts on the wooden beams can lead to incomplete representations in the model. Overall, a high degree of automation was achieved.

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“…ALS and TLS have previously been used to estimate tree quality properties, such as crown base heights at the level of individual trees (e.g., [31]) or plots [32], db [31], branch size distribution (e.g., [21]) and stem form (taper, sweep and lean) [29,33]. Kretschmer et al [34] proposed an approach to measure external bark characteristics, based on TLS, while Stängle et al [35] linked these measurements with the internal quality of logs, as determined by X-ray computer tomography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the Timber Quality of Scots Pine with Terrestrial Laser Scanning

Kankare

Joensuu

Holopainen

et al. 2014

Forests

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Preharvest information on the quality of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) timber is required by the forest industry in Nordic countries, due to the strong association between the technical quality and product recovery of this species in particular. The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy of estimating external quality attributes and classifying the quality of mature Scots pine trees by terrestrial laser scanning (TLS). The tree quality was estimated using a random forest approach, based on both field and TLS measurements of stem diameters, tree height and branch heights. The relative root mean squared errors of the TLS measurements for tree height, diameter, diameter at 6 m and the lowest living and OPEN ACCESSForests 2014, 5 1880 dead branch height were 7.1%, 5.9%, 8.9%, 9.6% and 42.9%, respectively. The highest errors of the branch heights were caused by the shadowing effect in the point cloud data. The quality classes were estimated accurately, based on both (field and TLS measured) tree attributes. Trees were classified with 95.0% and 83.6% accuracy into three operationally-important quality classes and with 87.1% and 76.4% accuracy into five classes using, field or TLS measurements, respectively. The obtained quality classification results were promising. The enhanced tree quality information could have a significant effect on planning forest management procedures, wood supply chains and optimizing the flow of raw materials. To fully integrate tree quality measurements in operational forestry, the methods used should be fully automated.

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Three-dimensional reconstruction of stems for assessment of taper, sweep and lean based on laser scanning of standing trees

Cited by 171 publications

References 16 publications

Analysis of Geometric Primitives in Quantitative Structure Models of Tree Stems

Analysis of Geometric Primitives in Quantitative Structure Models of Tree Stems

Automated Reconstruction of Historic Roof Structures From Point Clouds – Development and Examples

Estimation of the Timber Quality of Scots Pine with Terrestrial Laser Scanning

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