“…Two-dimensional radiography has routinely been used for the diagnostic evaluation and treatment planning of maxillary alveolar cleft defect reconstructions [3,4]; however, this imaging modality is associated with drawbacks, such as no volumetric information, enlargement, distortion, and overlap of anatomical structures, and limitations for anatomical landmarks identification, thus affecting the accurate planning [5,6]. Conventional computed tomography (CT) scans have also been used to assess ABG-related outcomes because they provide precise and accurate representations of the anatomical structures and pathological processes [7,8], but CT is associated with high-dose ionizing radiation exposure, especially for patients at the developmental age [9,10]. Cone beam CT (CBCT) presents high-quality three-dimensional (3D) image acquisition and reconstruction parameters (including maxillary alveolar anatomical boundaries) and low radiation dose and cost.…”