Introduction: Three-dimensional (3D) printing refers to a set of methods used to create solid 3D objects, based on digital files. The use of 3D models can improve understanding and knowledge about congenital heart diseases. Their usefulness has been demonstrated in preoperative planning, simulation of interventional procedures, and in surgical decision-making. The objective of this study is to offer a review of the literature on the various rapid prototyping methods and their applicability in medical practice, especially in congenital heart diseases. Methods: This is a literature review study. Data for discussion were collected by consulting the following electronic database: LILACS, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and the Scientific Electronic Library Online. Results: During the period evaluated by the study, a total of 480 articles were published addressing the topic of 3D printing (TDP) for heart disease, with 196 articles related to TDP for congenital heart disease. Of these, 22 were included in this study. Conclusion: TDP is a technology that is still under construction. It has the potential to assist physicians and surgical teams in therapeutic decision-making, to promote learning for students in specialization and postgraduate studies, to contribute to surgical skills training, and to clarify information for family members.