Three-Dimensional-Printed Customized Orthodontic and Pedodontic Appliances: A Critical Review of a New Era for Treatment

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) designing and manufacturing technology is a direct derivative of digital technology. Three-dimensional volume and surface acquisition, CAD software, and 3D manufacturing are major changes included in daily practice in many orthodontic and pedodontic offices. Customized appliances can be designed using dental CAD software or general-purpose CAD software in the office or a laboratory. Materials that can be used are resins, alloys, or zirconia. Methods: The search strategy of this critical review included keywords in combination with MeSH terms in Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane Library up to June 2022 in the English language without any limit to the publication period. Results: According to our search, 12 articles were selected for our study. All the articles were in vitro prospective studies. Conclusions: The results suggested that almost all the known appliances can be designed and printed in a tailor-made fashion in contrast to the traditional one-size-fits-all approach. Customized appliances should be manufactured according to the patient’s needs, and this is justified by the certainty that this approach will be beneficial for the patient’s treatment. There is a need for more research on all direct 3D-printed appliances.

Comparison in Terms of Accuracy between DLP and LCD Printing Technology for Dental Model Printing

“…The evolution of scanners and the creation of intraoral scanners gave clinicians the ability to take impressions without causing any discomfort to the patients. Those two technologies gave the ability to doctors to have a complete digital workflow in everyday practice [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ].…”

Direct 3D-Printed Orthodontic Retainers. A Systematic Review

“…Three dimensional (3D)-printed dental appliances directly from a digital file, such as 3D-printed surgical splints, implant guides and indirect bonding transfer trays or biomedical and pedodontics appliances have been reported [ 17 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. CAD technology and 3D printing have also introduced new tools and materials for the direct 3D-printing fabrication of either of the two types of retainers [ 24 ].…”

Smartphone-Based Facial Scanning as a Viable Tool for Facially Driven Orthodontics?

“…Facial scanning can provide useful correlative data for many studies that would benefit from regular, noninvasive evaluations of head and neck soft-tissue morphology, as the change of body mass index is not a very representative value when the facial morphology is the merit [ 30 , 31 ]. Three-dimensionally printed extraoral orthodontic appliances in growing patients would benefit from regular, noninvasive and reasonably accessible facial scanning [ 32 ]. Tsolakis et al, 2022, as well, presents ideas that can be widely utilized for regular evaluations of growth or therapeutical changes of facial morphology [ 33 ].…”