Three-dimensional positioning and structure of chromosomes in a human prophase nucleus

Chen, Bin; Yusuf, Mohammed; Hashimoto, Teruo; Estandarte, Ana Katrina C; Thompson, G.E.; Robinson, Ian

doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602231

Cited by 41 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Studies that have mapped intranuclear locations of chromosomal regions by FISH (Boyle et al, 2001; Cremer et al, 2003; Cremer et al, 2001), chromosome conformation capture (Di Stefano et al, 2016; Kalhor et al, 2012), or block-face scanning electron microscopy (Chen et al, 2017) have concluded that areas relatively enriched in genes preferentially partition to the interior region of the nucleus, while gene-sparse regions tend to associate with the periphery. As it is well established that HIV-1 integration overwhelmingly targets gene rich chromosomal regions (Koh et al, 2013; Ocwieja et al, 2011; Schaller et al, 2011; Schroder et al, 2002; Sowd et al, 2016) (Figure S5), such observations are inconsistent with the nuclear periphery playing a major role in determining integration site selection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capsid-CPSF6 Interaction Licenses Nuclear HIV-1 Trafficking to Sites of Viral DNA Integration

Achuthan¹,

Perreira²,

Sowd³

et al. 2018

Cell Host & Microbe

160

199

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HIV-1 integration into the host genome favors actively transcribed genes. Prior work indicated that the nuclear periphery provides the architectural basis for integration site selection, with viral capsid-binding host cofactor CPSF6 and viral integrase-binding cofactor LEDGF/p75 contributing to selection of individual sites. Here, by investigating the early phase of infection, we determine that HIV-1 traffics throughout the nucleus for integration. CPSF6-capsid interactions allow the virus to bypass peripheral heterochromatin and penetrate the nuclear structure for integration. Loss of interaction with CPSF6 dramatically alters virus localization toward the nuclear periphery and integration into transcriptionally repressed lamina-associated heterochromatin, while loss of LEDGF/p75 does not significantly affect intranuclear HIV-1 localization. Thus, CPSF6 serves as a master regulator of HIV-1 intranuclear localization by trafficking viral preintegration complexes away from heterochromatin at the periphery toward gene-dense chromosomal regions within the nuclear interior.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capsid-CPSF6 Interaction Licenses Nuclear HIV-1 Trafficking to Sites of Viral DNA Integration

Achuthan¹,

Perreira²,

Sowd³

et al. 2018

Cell Host & Microbe

160

199

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“…Serial block‐face scanning electron microscopy (SBFSEM) is a method to generate high resolution 3D images from small samples, [ 116 ] which is benefit to directly observe interfacial microstructure in ASSBs. For example, Huang et al introduced g‐C 3 N 4 as a new interface enabler into Li metal to transit the Li metal/garnet‐type SSE interface from point contact to intimate contact and hence to improve the electrochemical performance especially to suppress the Li dendrite formation.…”

Section: Characterization Techniques For Interface In All‐solid‐statementioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Characterization Techniques for Interface in All‐Solid‐State Batteries

Gao

et al. 2020

Small Methods

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The interface is a critical factor of electrochemical performance for all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs). Comprehending the composition, structure, morphology, and their evolution in the interface during charge/discharge cycling is greatly important for the development and practical application of ASSBs. The characterization techniques are very crucial and powerful for investigating the interface properties of ASSBs. This review briefly describes how the interface is generated in ASSBs, and then emphatically summarizes some important advanced techniques used to characterize the interface in ASSBs. The principle, advantage, and application of the techniques in the interface investigation are systematically discussed. This review provides fundamental insights and perspectives for developing the characterization techniques to deeply understand the interfacial behaviors of ASSBs, which is valuable for accelerating the commercialization of ASSBs used in electronic devices, electric vehicles, and large‐scale energy storage.

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“…The knife can also quickly remove a greater volume of material than the ion beam of the FIBSEM, meaning that larger volumes of tissue can feasibly be scanned (figure 3). Both techniques can reach a minimum X,Y pixel size of around 3-5nm (Daum et al, 2017;Feeney et al, 2018) however voxel size in the Zdirection is at best 20nm in SBFSEM (Chen et al, 2017) (a limit set by the cutting of the knife) whereas FIBSEM allows the milling of arbitrarily thin sections. Compared to ssTEM, both FIBSEM and SBFSEM sacrifice ultimate resolution in exchange for greater ease of use and reliability: both block face techniques allow the user to leave the microscope on 'autopilot' once a run has been initiated (assuming there are no problems encountered with cutting/milling or imaging), and thus the total work hours needed to produce a complete dataset are vastly reduced.…”

Section: Serial Block Face Scanning Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study examined the morphology of carnivorous plant nuclei in order to examine novel membrane extensions (Plachno et al, 2017). Sub-nuclear structures such as individual chromosomes (Chen et al, 2017) and the mitotic spindle (Nixon et al, 2017) have been imaged and modelled. At the nanometer scale, SBFSEM is able to resolve structures such as vesicles (Chuang et al, 2015), T-tubules (Pinali et al, 2013) and the cristae of mitochondria (Vincent et al, 2016).…”

Section: Serial Block Face Scanning Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Serial block face scanning electron microscopy in cell biology: Applications and technology

Smith

Starborg

2019

Tissue and Cell

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Three-dimensional electron microscopy (3DEM) is an imaging field containing several powerful modalities such as serial section transmission electron microscopy and electron tomography. However, large-scale 3D studies of biological ultrastructure on a cellular scale have historically been hampered by the difficulty of available techniques. Serial block face scanning electron microscopy (SBFSEM) is a 3DEM technique, developed in 2004, which has greatly increased the reliability, availability and throughput of 3DEM. SBFSEM allows for 3D imaging at resolutions high enough to resolve membranes and small vesicles whilst having the capability to collect data with a large field of view. Since its introduction it has become a major tool for ultrastructural investigation and has been applied in the study of many biological fields, such as connectomics, cellular and matrix biology. In this review, we will discuss biological SBFSEM from a technical standpoint, with a focus on cellular applications and also subsequent image analysis techniques.

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Three-dimensional positioning and structure of chromosomes in a human prophase nucleus

Abstract: High-resolution three-dimensional structure of chromosomes in a human prophase nucleus from electron microscopy.

Cited by 41 publications

References 32 publications

Capsid-CPSF6 Interaction Licenses Nuclear HIV-1 Trafficking to Sites of Viral DNA Integration

Capsid-CPSF6 Interaction Licenses Nuclear HIV-1 Trafficking to Sites of Viral DNA Integration

Advanced Characterization Techniques for Interface in All‐Solid‐State Batteries

Serial block face scanning electron microscopy in cell biology: Applications and technology

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