Three—dimensional phase diagram of the brine-toluene-butanol-sodium dodecyl sulfate system

Bellocq, A. M.; Biais, J.; Clin, B.; Gelot, Alain; Lalanne, P.; Lemanceau, Bernard

doi:10.1016/0021-9797(80)90200-3

Cited by 72 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This two-phase region is very large for the Hostapur 60 system and starts from the pseudobinary brine-active mixture axis. In the case of our sulfonate system, the W II region is less important and is entirely located inside the diagram, as observed by Bellocq et al for the brine/toluene/SDS-butan-1-ol system [29].…”

Section: Pseudoternary Phase Diagramssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Projects on tertiary oil recovery by means of microemulsions have been mainly concerned, firstly, with the ability of a microemulsion to solubilize oil and water simultaneously and, secondly, with the attainment of very low interfacial tensions [10]. Consequently, the phase behavior of these systems (water, oil, surfactant and cosurfactant) is very important and has been the subject of intensive studies [2,6,[10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, the phase behavior of these systems (water, oil, surfactant and cosurfactant) is very important and has been the subject of intensive studies [2,6,[10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase behavior of pseudoternary brine/alkane/alcohol-secondary alkanesulfonates systems

Azira

Tazerouti²,

Canselier

2008

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Section: Pseudoternary Phase Diagramssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Phase behavior of pseudoternary brine/alkane/alcohol-secondary alkanesulfonates systems

Azira

Tazerouti²,

Canselier

2008

J Therm Anal Calorim

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“…Here we shall concentrate on the microemulsions formed with the surfactant SDS (sodium dodecyl sulphate) and medium sized alcohols (butanol, pentanol, hexanol) as cosurfactants. The pioneering work on this system was done by Bellocq and coworkers [16] and it was later studied extensively by Van Nieuwkoop and coworkers [17,18,19]. Three phases body of the quaternary mixture H20-n-decane-A0T-NaCI at T= 40°C and weight fraction oil in the mixture oil and brine a = 50%, as a function of the amphiphile weight fraction in the mixture of all four components, y, and of the weight fraction of salt in Volume fractions of the brine (W), oil (0), microemulsion (M) and lamellar (La) phase as a function of wt.% NaCI at water-to-oil ratio equal to I for (a) the AOT-brine-n-decane system and (b) the AOTbrine-n-dodecane system at T= 30°C and 5 wt.% AOT in brine.…”

Section: Surfactantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Behavior of Ionic Microemulsions

Lekkerkerker

Kegel

Overbeek

1996

Ber Bunsenges Phys Chem

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Non-polar oils and water can form thermodynamically stable quasi-homogeneous (colloidal) mixtures (called microemulsions) in the presence of relatively large amounts (several %) of ionic surfactants. If the surfactant contains a single hydrocarbon chain (e.g. Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate) the presence of a non-ionic cosurfactant (e.g. hexanol) and electrolyte (concentration of the order 0.1 M) is essential. With a double chain surfactant (e.g. Aerosol OT) the cosurfactant can be missed. At increasing concentrations of electrolyte and/or cosurfactant the nature of the microemulsion changes from droplets of oil in water via a presumably bicontinuous pattern to droplets of water in oil. It should be obvious that thermodynamic stability requires the interfacial tension between water and oil to be low (order of 0.01 0.1 mN m -1) so that the dispersion entropy can offset the interfacial free energy. At these low interfacial tensions the influence of curvature on the interfacial tensions becomes important. It turns out that a given amount of surfactant (and co-surfactant) can only disperse a limited amount of oil in water or of water in oil or of water and oil into one another and therefore a microemulsion may be in equilibrium with non colloidal oil and/or water phases. In the bicontinuous microemulsion oil and water may have a geometrically irregular interface or they may form lamellae of more or less constant thickness or other structures, such as a "molten cubic phase". These equilibria lead to very interesting, but rather complicated phase diagrams. It will be discussed by what mechanisms the various components of the mixture influence the interfacial tension and promote the stability of the microemulsion and how this depends on the chemical nature of the components.

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“…co-surfactant, have been presented as pseudo-ternary phase diagrams (2,4). They have been useful for the cosmetic and food industry because they give an indication about the interaction and association ofthe components.…”

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confidence: 99%

Phase Equilibria and Evaporation Rates in a Four Component Emulsion

Moaddel

Friberg

1995

Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology

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The cosmetic system ofwater, lecithin,polyethylene glycol (M.W. 5000), and white oil was studied and the phase diagram determined using visual observation, low angle x-ray diffraction and chemical analysis.The results showed the lecithinI water lamellarliquid crystal to be retained when the polyethylene glycol was gradually replaced by white oil. The polyethylene glycol was solubilizedin the lamellarliquid'crystal to a maximum level of 10%, the white oil to 8%.The evaporation rate, from a thinlayer, was followed gravimetrically. The existing structures as the evaporation proceeded were identified optically. Evaporation ofwater from the three phase emulsion lead to crystallization ofthe polymer in the previously existing water droplets, leading to a four phase system of polyethyleneglycol, polyethylene glycol/water, LLC, and white oil.A dramatic decrease in the loss rate of water was observed when all four components co-exist in equilibrium.

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Three—dimensional phase diagram of the brine-toluene-butanol-sodium dodecyl sulfate system

Cited by 72 publications

References 7 publications

Phase behavior of pseudoternary brine/alkane/alcohol-secondary alkanesulfonates systems

Phase behavior of pseudoternary brine/alkane/alcohol-secondary alkanesulfonates systems

Phase Behavior of Ionic Microemulsions

Phase Equilibria and Evaporation Rates in a Four Component Emulsion

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