Three-dimensional paper-based electrochemiluminescence immunodevice for multiplexed measurement of biomarkers and point-of-care testing

The luminol-H 2 O 2 system is widely applied in electrochemiluminescence (ECL) assays but has limited stability. We are presenting an alternative immunosensing strategy by making use of Au@Ag nanorods that mimic the enzyme peroxidase. It also makes use of the supercapacitive supporter NH 4 CoPO 4 as a supporter substrate that facilitates ion movement due to its many nanogaps between the assembled nanoplates. It also plays a vital role for stabilizing the ECL signal of luminol. The immunosensor was constructed by first placing a chitosan film containing NH 4 CoPO 4 , Au@Ag and luminol on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE), and the immobilizing anti-CEA on its surface. ECL is generated via electrochemical reaction of luminol on the surface of the Au@Ag-luminol film in the presence of H 2 O 2 . The assay was evaluated with respect to effects of pH value, time and temperature of incubation, specificity, reproducibility, and stability in a lab setting. A linear relationship between ECL intensity and CEA concentration is found for the 0.1 pg·mL −1 to 380 ng·mL −1 range, and the lower detection limit is as low as 30 fg·mL −1 . In our perception, this immunoassay has a large scope in that numerous other immunoassays will become feasible by using other antibodies and, possibly, aptamers.

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“…As illustrated in Table S1, the present immnuosensor displays a better performance compared with other reports [39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Analytical Performance Of the Immunosensormentioning

confidence: 51%

Electrochemiluminescence immunosensing strategy based on the use of Au@Ag nanorods as a peroxidase mimic and NH4CoPO4 as a supercapacitive supporter: Application to the determination of carcinoembryonic antigen

et al. 2015

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“…The data was analysed based on the red pixel intensity of the ECL emission, which was correlated with a calibration curve, hence the analyte concentration. Other applications to date included sensing tumour markers [103,124,126] and ions [128].…”

Section: Electrochemiluminescence (Ecl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Point-of-Care Diagnostics

Yetisen

2014

Holographic Sensors

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Rapid tests that are low-cost and portable are the first line of defence in healthcare systems. Dipstick and lateral-flow are the two universal assay formats as they are lightweight and compact, and provide qualitative results without external instrumentation. However, existing formats have limitations in the quantification of analyte concentrations. Hence, the demand for sample preparation, improved sensitivity and user-interface has challenged the commercial products. Recently, capabilities, sensors and readout devices were expanded to multiplexable assays platforms, which might transcend the capabilities of existing design format of diagnostic tests. This chapter outlines the evolution of diagnostic devices and current trends in the development of qualitative and quantitative sensing devices for applications in healthcare, veterinary medicine, environmental monitoring and food safety. The chapter also discusses design parameters for diagnostics, their functionalisation to increase the capabilities and the performance, emerging sensing platforms and readout technologies. The factors which limit the emerging rapid diagnostics to become commercial products are also discussed.The life expectancy has grown worldwide, which also increased the healthcare spending [1, 2]. For example, 720 million people will be aged 65 or older by 2020. Currently four in five people over the age of 75 take at least one prescribed medicine, and this trend is set to increase [3]. For some of the medications, large pharma find it the hard to recover R&D costs while the pressure from the regulatory agencies also increased for the use of new drugs as the first line of defence based on efficacy and cost. Hence, the global healthcare trends and ever increasing pressure from regulatory agencies put a strong case for the development of diagnostics for healthcare monitoring as well as the evaluation of drug efficacies in clinical trials. All these considerations parallels governments' and insurance companies' interests in obtaining the best performance possible and treatment benefits they support. These trends are behind the driving force for the development of diagnostics that can reduce the healthcare costs by developing effective drugs and identifying diseases and conditions at an early stage.The major stumbling block in monitoring and controlling diseases/contaminations remains delivering simple, low-cost and robust diagnostic tests [4,5]. In the developing world, the basic healthcare infrastructure and trained healthcare personnel are

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“…27,28 Three-dimensional (3D) paper-based systems are suggested in the literature: Martinez et al 14 reported the fabrication of a multilayered structure composed by single layers of patterned photoresist paper stacked one above the other for biochemical detection; Liu and Crooks 29 developed an origami-inspired patterned paper which can be unfolded for parallel chemical analysis. Ge et al 30 described a wax-patterned 3D paper-based electrochemiluminescence immunoassay to detect tumor markers. In this work, we also intend to extend the use of paper to produce 3D devices by exploring the self-cleaning and extreme water repellent properties of the developed SH paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superhydrophobic Paper in the Development of Disposable Labware and Lab-on-Paper Devices

Sousa

Mano

2013

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Traditionally in superhydrophobic surfaces history, the focus has frequently settled on the use of complex processing methodologies using nonbiodegradable and costly materials. In light of recent events on lab-on-paper emergence, there are now some efforts for the production of superhydrophobic paper but still with little development and confined to the fabrication of flat devices. This work gives a new look at the range of possible applications of bioinspired superhydrophobic paper-based substrates, obtained using a straightforward surface modification with poly-(hydroxybutyrate). As an end-of-proof of the possibility to create lab-on-chip portable devices, the patterning of superhydrophobic paper with different wettable shapes is shown with low-cost approaches. Furthermore, we suggest the use of superhydrophobic paper as an extremely low-cost material to design essential nonplanar lab apparatus, including reservoirs for liquid storage and manipulation, funnels, tips for pipettes, or accordion-shaped substrates for liquid transport or mixing. Such devices take the advantage of the self-cleaning and extremely water resistance properties of the surfaces as well as the actions that may be done with paper such as cut, glue, write, fold, warp, or burn. The obtained substrates showed lower propensity to adsorb proteins than the original paper, kept superhydrophobic character upon ethylene oxide sterilization and are disposable, suggesting that the developing devices could be especially adequate for use in contact with biological and hazardous materials.

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Three-dimensional paper-based electrochemiluminescence immunodevice for multiplexed measurement of biomarkers and point-of-care testing

Cited by 343 publications

References 46 publications

Electrochemiluminescence immunosensing strategy based on the use of Au@Ag nanorods as a peroxidase mimic and NH4CoPO4 as a supercapacitive supporter: Application to the determination of carcinoembryonic antigen

Electrochemiluminescence immunosensing strategy based on the use of Au@Ag nanorods as a peroxidase mimic and NH4CoPO4 as a supercapacitive supporter: Application to the determination of carcinoembryonic antigen

Point-of-Care Diagnostics

Superhydrophobic Paper in the Development of Disposable Labware and Lab-on-Paper Devices

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