Three-dimensional organization of the developing vasculature of the kidney

Kloth, Sabine; Ebenbeck, C; Monzer, Jan; Vries, Uwe de; Minuth, Will W.

doi:10.1007/s004410050745

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This was surprising as previous work had suggested that these peripheral vessels are of a vasculogenic origin, are predominantly non-perfused 17 , and do not have a lumen at this stage (in rabbit ref. 36). Therefore, we expected an absence of erythroid cells.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cycles of vascular plexus formation within the nephrogenic zone of the developing mouse kidney

Munro

Hohenstein

Davies

2017

Sci Rep

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The renal vasculature is required for blood filtration, blood pressure regulation, and pH maintenance, as well as other specialised kidney functions. Yet, despite its importance, many aspects of its development are poorly understood. To provide a detailed spatiotemporal analysis of kidney vascularisation, we collected images of embryonic mouse kidneys at various developmental time-points. Here we describe the first stages of kidney vascularisation and demonstrate that polygonal networks of vessels (endothelial plexuses) form in cycles at the periphery of the kidney. We show that kidney vascularisation initiates at E11, when vessels connected to the embryonic circulation form a ring around the ureteric bud. From E13.5, endothelial plexuses organise around populations of cap mesenchymal and ureteric bud cells in a cyclical, predictable manner. Specifically, as the ureteric bud bifurcates, endothelia form across the bifurcation site as the cap mesenchyme splits. The plexuses are vascular, carry erythrocytes, are enclosed within a basement membrane, and can always be traced back to the renal artery. Our results are a major step towards understanding how the global architecture of the renal vasculature is achieved.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cycles of vascular plexus formation within the nephrogenic zone of the developing mouse kidney

Munro

Hohenstein

Davies

2017

Sci Rep

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“…Some cells inside the CD ampullae represent renal stems cells growing in a tissue layer that lacks functional blood vessels. 23 In perfusion culture the cells of the CD ampulla have been shown to develop into a functional epithelium showing features of adult principal and intercalated cells. 17 It has been shown earlier that the development of embryonic collecting duct cells can be influenced by the application of aldosterone [24][25][26] as well as by urea 27 and increased electrolyte concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled Respiratory Gas Delivery to Embryonic Renal Epithelial Explants in Perfusion Culture

2004

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During generation of artificial tissues high levels of oxygen are usually available whereas after implantation into a recipient's body the implant is not vascularized immediately, which leads to low oxygen partial pressures within the implanted tissue. Under these conditions cells will experience an oxygen shortage, contrasting with the abundance of oxygen during culture. It is uncertain whether tissues can be trained to tolerate such an acute hypoxic situation so that nonphysiological stress reactions and tissue necrosis can be avoided. To investigate the effects of varying oxygen levels on embryonic renal tissue in vitro we have been developing a model system combining continuous medium renewal with the ability to control levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide by gas equilibration through gas-permeable tubing. Renal embryonic tissue from neonatal rabbit was cultured in serum-free Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium at 45, 90, 115, and 160 mmHg oxygen partial pressure for 14 days under continuous medium exchange in such a setup. After a 14-day culture period tissue sections were analyzed by cell biological methods and compared with fresh tissue histology. Surprisingly, embryonic renal explants survive and maintain good morphology for 14 days under all O(2) conditions tested. Expression of cytokeratin 19 within the established epithelium remains unchanged, indicating a structurally intact tissue. However, Na/K-ATPase is clearly downregulated under low O(2) conditions, whereas COX-2 expression increases drastically. An antiparallel effect of decreased O(2) concentrations on glycoprotein expression can be demonstrated with the lectin Dolichos biflorus agglutinin. Scanning electron microscopy reveals oxygen-dependent changes in cellular surface differentiation of developed collecting duct epithelium.

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“…The typical three-dimensional structure of the developing renal vascular network (Fig. 1a) [30] could only be preserved in the presence of the growth and differentiation factors (Table 1 and Fig. 2).…”

Section: Culture Strategymentioning

confidence: 98%

Basic fibroblast growth factor is a morphogenic modulator in kidney vessel development

Kloth¹,

Gerdes²,

Wanke³

et al. 1998

Kidney International

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During kidney organogenesis the development of renal vessels must be synchronized with the maturation of nephrons and the collecting duct system. Several reports showed that hormones and mitogenic peptides as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are involved in this regulatory process. It is a known fact that bFGF receptors are expressed by differentiating tubular epithelium and mesenchyme, but little information is available about the function of bFGF in kidney organogenesis. The role of bFGF during kidney development was investigated using an organotypic culture system and immunohistological techniques. Renal cortex explants were prepared from the kidneys of neonatal rabbits with a microsurgical method, retaining the natural tissue composition. The explants were cultured serum free under continuous medium perfusion. Our results indicate a new and unexpected role of bFGF during the differentiation process. When bFGF alone was applied, vessels could no longer be detected. The inhibitory influence of bFGF could be overcome by addition of VEGF or hormones such as retinoic acid and aldosterone/vitamin D3. The combination of these factors with bFGF resulted in the expression of small vessel-like structures. We conclude that bFGF has a morphogenic rather than a mitogenic function during kidney vessel development.

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Three-dimensional organization of the developing vasculature of the kidney

Cited by 17 publications

References 21 publications

Cycles of vascular plexus formation within the nephrogenic zone of the developing mouse kidney

Cycles of vascular plexus formation within the nephrogenic zone of the developing mouse kidney

Controlled Respiratory Gas Delivery to Embryonic Renal Epithelial Explants in Perfusion Culture

Basic fibroblast growth factor is a morphogenic modulator in kidney vessel development

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