Three-dimensional optimal design of a cooled turbine considering the coolant-requirement change

Abstract

Cooling technology is widely applied in modern turbines to protect the turbine blades, and extracting high-pressure cooling air from a compressor exerts a remarkable influence on the gas-turbine performance. However, the three-dimensional optimal design of a turbine in modern industrial practice is usually carried out by pursuing high component efficiency without considering possible changes in coolant requirement; hence, it may not exactly lead to improvement in the gas-turbine cycle efficiency. In this study, the turbine stator was twisted and leaned to achieve higher comprehensive efficiency, which is the cycle-based efficiency definition for a cooled turbine that considers both turbine aerodynamic performance and coolant requirement. First, the influence of twist and compound lean on turbine aerodynamic performance, considering stator-hub leakage, was investigated. Then, a method to predict the coolant requirement for turbines with different stator designs was applied, to evaluate coolant-requirement change at the design condition. The optimized turbines were finally compared to demonstrate the necessity of considering the coolant-requirement change in the optimal design. This indicated that proper twisting to open the throat area in the stator hub and compound lean to the pressure surface side could help improve the cooled-turbine comprehensive efficiency.

Estimation of cooling flow rate for conceptual design stage of a gas turbine engine

“…) Required relative air flow rate for blades cooling is determined using equations (3). Analysis shows that relative air flow rate for vanes and blades may be determined using the same graphs or equations.…”

“…Cooling of turbine have high influence on efficiency of engine, comparable to turbine aerodynamic performance [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] and should be taken into the account when optimizing the working process of gas turbine engine.…”