Three dimensional observation of the nerve fibers along the cerebral blood vessels

Hakura, T.; Nakakita, Kazuo; Imai, Harumichi; Nakai, Kenta; Kamei, Ichiro; Naka, Yutaka; Okuno, Takashi; Komai, Norihiko; Hirai, Takuya; Arai, Takashi; Komi, H.

doi:10.1007/bf00495785

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A sparse nerve plexus associated with small terminal arterioles has also been shown in rat mammary glands (Fujiwara and Uehara, 1984). In an experiment on guinea pig cerebral arteries, only a part of a perivascular nerve plexus was revealed by SEM and an electron probe microanalysis method (Itakura et al, 1986). Our present SEM study on rat incisor teeth revealed for the first time the threedimensional architecture of perivascular nerve meshworks, which was very comparable to that revealed by immunohistochemistry for both CGRP and NPY immunoreactivity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Scanning electron microscopy and immunohistochemical observations of the vascular nerve plexuses in the dental pulp of rat incisor

1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:The innervation of rat incisors, which are continuously erupting teeth, is quite unique. Although many reports have documented the neural control of the pulpal blood flow, only a few studies have examined the structure and distribution of vascular nerves in the rat incisors. This study examined the nerve plexuses and the spatial relationship of nerve terminals to smooth muscle cells of the pulp vessels of rat incisors.Methods: The innervation of the pulp vessels of rat incisors was studied using immunohistochemical evaluations of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and neuropeptide-Y (NPY). The three-dimensional ultrastructure of nerve meshworks and terminals on smooth muscle cells of pulp arterioles were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with a KOH digestion method.Results: The blood vessels were associated with many nerve fibers immunoreactive for CGRP and NPY. Some NPY and frequent CGRPimmunoreactive nerve fibers were observed in the labial odontoblast layer. Three different morphologies of nerve fibers could be distinguished: fine nerve fibers with numerous terminal varicosities, medium-sized fibers associated with occasional or much scarcer varicosities, and thick fibers that had no varicosity and sometimes ran apart from blood vessels. The SEM observations identified five vascular segment types: terminal arterioles, precapillary arterioles, capillaries, postcapillary venules, and muscular venules. Nerve meshworks were observed around the large terminal arterioles; these meshworks were very comparable to those revealed by immunohistochemistry. The vascular smooth muscle cells were closely attached by one or more terminal varicosities.Conclusions: It has become evident that the large terminal arterioles in the rat incisors receive a dense nerve supply and provide well-developed wall architecture, suggesting an important role of neuronal regulation on the vessels. Anat.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Scanning electron microscopy and immunohistochemical observations of the vascular nerve plexuses in the dental pulp of rat incisor

1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Differences in the mechanism of action of VIP and substance P are also mirrored in the location of nerve endings for each peptide within the blood vessel wall. Itakura et al (1986) have shown that substance P-con taining fibers end in a meshwork pattern on the outer layers of the adventitia, whereas VIP fibers end in a spiral pattern on the inner layers. Differ ences between VIP and substance P in mechanism of action, anatomic location within the arterial wall, and nerve fiber type may indicate that substance P may not have a vasomotor function in the cerebral circulation, but that it may play a role in the media tion of nociception although the evidence of the axon reflex indicates that substance P may be in volved in both processes.…”

Section: Discussion Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (Vip)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasomotor Responses of Rat Intracerebral Arterioles to Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Substance P, Neuropeptide Y, and Bradykinin

Dacey

Bassett

Takayasu

1988

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary:The effect of vasoactive peptides on vascular smooth muscle in the cerebral microcirculation was ex amined using an isolated intracerebral arteriole prepara tion. Extraluminally applied vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) dilated the spontaneous tone of intracerebral arte rioles to 118.9 ± 3.1% of control diameter at pH 7.30, with an EC50 of 7.27 x 10-8 M. Similar degrees of dila tion to VIP were seen in vessels preconstricted by changing bath solution to pH 7.60. Substance P had no effect on vessel diameter at pH 7.30. However, in vessels precontracted by pH 7.60, significant dose-dependent di lation was observed with an EC50 of 2.55 x 10-1 0 M.Local chemical, neural, and humoral mecha nisms affect cerebral vascular resistance. Neural regulation of cerebral blood flow is mediated by ad renergic, cholinergic, and peptidergic mechanisms. These systems, acting either alone or in combina tion, change vessel caliber and thus change resis tance to blood flow. Adrenergic and cholinergic control of cerebral resistance vessels occurs mainly by the release of a vasoactive substance from nerve endings near the wall of the vessel. Innervation of cerebral vessels has been demonstrated both ana tomically, by histochemical methods, and physio logically by studies of vascular smooth muscle in vitro and studies of CBF regulation in vivo.Some neural responses of the cerebral circula tion, however, are not controlled by the classical 254Neuropeptide Y constricted intracerebral arterioles to 8l.22 ± 2.7% of control diameter, with an EC50 of 6.23 x 10-1 0 M. Bradykinin dilated intracerebral arterioles at pH 7.30 and pH 7.60 to 130 ± 3.0% of control diameter. VIP and bradykinin are potent vasodilators of intracerebral arterioles. Neuropeptide Y is a vasoconstrictor. The ef fect of substance P appeared to be either pH-dependent or dependent on some degree of precontraction by an other agonist, but no effect on vessel diameter was seen at pH 7.30.

show abstract

Innervation of cerebral blood vessels: Morphology, plasticity, age‐related, and Alzheimer's disease‐related neurodegeneration

Bleys

Cowen

2001

Microscopy Res & Technique

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The light microscopical and ultrastructural morphology of the innervation of the major cerebral arteries and pial vessels is described, including the origins of the different groups of nerve fibres and their characteristic neurotransmitter phenotype. Species and region specific variations are described and novel data regarding the parasympathetic innervation of cerebral vessels are presented. The dynamic nature, or plasticity, of cerebrovascular innervation is emphasized in describing changes affecting particular subpopulations of neurons during normal ageing and in Alzheimer's disease. The molecular controls on plasticity are discussed with particular reference to target-associated factors such as the neurotrophins and their neuronal receptors, as well as extracellular matrix related factors such as laminin. Hypotheses are presented regarding the principal extrinsic and intrinsic influences on plasticity of the cerebrovascular innervation.

show abstract

Three dimensional observation of the nerve fibers along the cerebral blood vessels

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

Scanning electron microscopy and immunohistochemical observations of the vascular nerve plexuses in the dental pulp of rat incisor

Scanning electron microscopy and immunohistochemical observations of the vascular nerve plexuses in the dental pulp of rat incisor

Vasomotor Responses of Rat Intracerebral Arterioles to Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Substance P, Neuropeptide Y, and Bradykinin

Innervation of cerebral blood vessels: Morphology, plasticity, age‐related, and Alzheimer's disease‐related neurodegeneration

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About