Three-Dimensional Numerical Modelling of Fire Exposed Composite Slabs With Steel Deck

Gomes

et al. 2021

JSFE

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PurposeMost of the numerical research and experiments on composite slabs with a steel deck have been developed to study the effect of fire during the heating phase. This manuscript aims to describe the thermal behaviour of composite slabs when submitted to different fire scenarios, considering the heating and cooling phase.Design/methodology/approachThree-dimensional numerical models, based on finite elements, are developed to analyse the temperatures inside the composite slab and, consequently, to estimate the fire resistance, considering the insulation criteria (I). The numerical methods developed are validated with experimental results available in the literature. In addition, this paper presents a parametric study of the effects on fire resistance caused by the thickness of the concrete part of the slab as well as the natural fire scenario.FindingsThe results show that, depending on the fire scenario, the fire resistance criterion can be reached during the cooling phase, especially for the thickest composite slabs. Based on the results, new coefficients are proposed for the original simplified model, proposed by the standard.Originality/valueThe developed numerical models allow us to realistically simulate the thermal effects caused by a natural fire in a composite slab and the new proposal enables us to estimate the fire resistance time of composite slabs with a steel deck, even if it occurs in the cooling phase.

Section: Composite Slabs and Fire Scenarios Used For Validation And Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

Fire resistance of composite slabs with steel deck under natural fire

Piloto

Gomes

et al. 2021

JSFE

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“…2 The non-perfect contact models were developed using shell finite elements to simulate an air gap between concrete and steel deck. This thermal air gap model differs from the previously developed model by Piloto et al 15 This new shell finite element model provides faster simulation and improves the compatibility with the mechanical model. This new interface layer is then removed, but the thermal loads are kept, keeping the effect of the thermal resistance defined by the air gap.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Piloto et al 15 proposed new advanced 3D calculation models capable of simulating 3D composite slabs under fire situations using software ANSYS. The models were validated with experimental data from Hamerlinck 2 and Lim et al, 16 and for the first time the debonding effect of steel deck from concrete topping was introduced into the thermal models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The importance of developing numerical simulation of composite slabs under fire situations can be demonstrated by the elevated costs of the experimental tests and the time consumed for this task. Simulation also provides more data, depending on the model complexity, being capable of simulating complex phenomena, such as the debonding of materials as proposed by Piloto et al 15 In this work, the fire resistance of the composite slabs is defined with respect to standard fire ISO 834 exposure given below. The scope of this investigation concerns the fire resistance of composite slabs for R and I criteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of the load level on the resistance of composite slabs with steel decking under fire conditions

Piloto

Journal of Fire Sciences

Santos

et al. 2020

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The fire resistance of composite slabs with steel decking, in Europe, is usually defined using simple calculation models provided by the Eurocode EN 1994-1-2. For assessing the methodology of these simple calculation methods, a new advanced calculation method is presented, using the software ANSYS. The numerical model is first validated with experimental data reported on bibliography and then a parametric analysis is conducted to better understand the effect of the load level on the composite structure under fire. The validation of the simulations consisted of three different models: the first model considers perfect contact between the steel deck and the concrete topping, and the two following models consider the existence of an air gap between these materials, acting as a thermal resistance on the temperature field through the thickness of the slab. The numerical results show good approximation to the experimental results, mainly when using the non-perfect contact model, reaching 3.88% and 16.91% of difference with respect to the insulation and load-bearing criteria, respectively. Based on the validation models, a parametric study is presented, modifying the load level from 10% up to 75%. New simple calculation models are presented to define the fire resistance of composite slabs, considering the load level, and the debonding effect between the concrete and the steel deck.

“…The heat transfer problem is solved numerically through the Finite Element Method (FEM) with thermal models, already validated with experimental tests by Piloto et al [13,18], available in the Matlab PDE Toolbox. The temperature evolution on the steel deck components and on the rebars is evaluated for all the four different composite slabs with different concrete thickness h 1 , and subsequently the results are compared with the simplified method provided in the Annex D of Eurocode 1994-1.2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Modeling of the Thermal Effects on Composite Slabs Under Fire Conditions

Communications in Computer and Information Science

Silveira

Mange³

et al. 2021

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