Three-dimensional Multiscale Modelling and Simulation of Atria and Torso Electrophysiology

Albero, Ana Ferrer

doi:10.4995/thesis/10251/88402

Cited by 1 publication

(8 citation statements)

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“…The anatomical dimensions of the thoracic cage and the organs placed inside have been previously collected in a doctoral thesis developed in our research group, 44 and are shown in Table (…”

Section: Position Of the Heart In The Torsomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…127 It was developed and validated to study the vulnerability to reentries in the atria 147 as well as the efficiency of radio-frequency ablation procedures to finish atrial arrhythmias. 150 This 3D atrial model was published by Tobón et al 151 and has been improved some years later in the framework of a recent PhD thesis, 44 with a mesh of higher spatial resolution comprised of regular elements (voxels instead of hexahedrons) and more accurate electrophysiological heterogeneity.…”

Section: D Atrial Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…114 Therefore, many studies are focused on the correlation between the electrical activity of the heart and the ECG or the body surface potential maps (BSPM) after its propagation through the torso. 44,114,141,158 BSPM yield the distribution of electrical potentials on the body surface along time, providing more information than the standard 12-leads ECG. In this sense, computational torso models are a useful tool for a first approach.…”

Section: D Torso Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In case of the RA/LA (including the TVR, RAA, MVR and LAA structures), the PV/CS and the SAN/FO/Isthmus regions, the anisotropy ratio assigned was 0.35, 0.5 and 1.0 (isotropy) respectively, as in previous computational works. 44,151,153 In relation to σ L , the preferential conduction bundles (BB, PM, CT and LFO) were assigned with higher values, since they have faster CVs (0.0071 and 0.0081 S/cm•pF). The CS region, which has an important role in the electrical connection among both atria, was set to an intermediate value (0.0052 S/cm•pF).…”

Section: Adjustment Of Conduction Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to perform a simulation with the whole atria under physiological conditions, we used a recently developed realistic 3D model of the human atria, 44 . This computational finite element model, composed of linear hexahedral elements with a regular spatial resolution of 300 µm, has a homogeneous wall thickness between 600 and 900 m (754893 nodes and 515010 elements).…”

Section: Atrial Geometrical Meshmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping of the electrical activity of human atria. Multiscale modelling and simulations

Martinez-Mateu¹

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Atrial fibrillation is one of the most common cardiac arrhythmias seen in clinical practice. Therefore, it is of vital importance to develop new technologies aimed at diagnosing and terminating this kind of arrhythmia, to improve the quality of life of patients and to reduce costs to national health systems. In the last years, new atrial mapping techniques based on multi-electrode systems are increasingly being used to map the atrial electrical activity in humans and localise and target atrial fibrillation drivers in the form of focal sources or rotors. However, significant concerns remain about their accuracy and experimental approaches to analyse them are limited due to their invasive character. Therefore, computer simulations are a helpful tool to overcome these limitations since they can reproduce with fidelity experimental observations, permit to split the problem to treat into more simple substudies, and allow the possibility of performing preliminary investigations impossible to carry out in the clinical practice. This PhD thesis is focused on the analysis for accuracy of the multielectrode mapping systems through computational models and simulations. For this purpose, we developed realistic multiscale models in order to simulate atrial electrical reentrant activity, first in a sheet of atrial tissue and, then, in the whole atria. Then, we analysed the effects of the multi-electrode geometrical configurations on the accuracy of localizing rotors, by using multi-electrode arrays with equidistant inter-electrode distances, as well as multi-electrode basket catheters with non-equidistant inter-electrode distances. After computing the intracavitary unipolar electrograms, we performed phase maps, phase singularity detections to track rotors, and dominant frequency maps. We finally found out that the accuracy of multi-electrode mapping systems depends on their position inside the atrial cavity, the electrodeto-tissue distance, the inter-electrode distance, and the contribution of far field sources. Furthermore, as a consequence of these factors, false rotors might appear and could contribute to failure of atrial fibrillation ablation procedures. xii RESUM llunyà. A més, com a conseqüència d'aquests factors, es va observar l'aparició de rotors falsos que podrien contribuir al fracàs de l'ablació de la fibril•lació auricular.

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Section: Position Of the Heart In The Torsomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: D Atrial Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%