Three-dimensional multibody dynamics analysis of accidental falls resulting in traumatic brain injury

Doorly, Mary C.; Gilchrist, Michael D.

doi:10.1080/13588260902826554

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(23 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…23 The model of the head and brain consists of 26,000 hexahedral elements representing the scalp, skull, pia, falx, tentorium, CSF, grey and white matter, cerebellum and brain stem. 22,23 The UCDBTM was validated against cadaveric pressure responses conducted by Nahum et al 42 and brain motion research conducted by Hardy et al 19 Further validations were conducted by Doorly and Gilchrist 10 and Post et al 60 using reconstructions of real world traumatic brain injury incidents with results that were in agreement with anatomical tissue thresholds. The material characteristics of the model were taken from Ruan, 71 Willinger et al, 83 Zhou et al, 89 and Kleiven and von Holst 34 (Tables 1 and 2).…”

Section: Finite Element Modelmentioning

confidence: 71%

Protective Capacity of Ice Hockey Helmets against Different Impact Events

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Publication AbstractIn ice hockey, concussions can occur as a result of many different types of impact events, however hockey helmets are certified using a single injury scenario, involving drop tests to a rigid surface. The purpose of this study is to measure the protective capacity of ice hockey helmets for different impact events in ice hockey. A helmeted and unhelmeted Hybrid III headform were impacted simulating falls, elbow, shoulder and puck impacts in ice hockey.Linear and rotational acceleration and maximum principal strain (MPS) were measured. A comparison of helmeted and unhelmeted impacts found significant differences existed in most conditions (p<0.05), however some shoulder and puck impacts showed no significant difference (p>0.05). Impacts to the ice hockey helmet tested resulted in acceleration levels below reported ranges of concussion and TBI for falls up to 5 m/s, elbow collisions, and low velocity puck impacts but not for shoulder collisions or high velocity puck impacts and falls. The helmet tested reduced MPS below reported ranges of concussion and TBI for falls up to 5 m/s but not for the other impact events across all velocities and locations. This suggests that the ice hockey helmet tested is unable to reduce engineering parameters below reported ranges of concussion and TBI for impact conditions which do not represent a drop against a rigid surface.

show abstract

Section: Finite Element Modelmentioning

confidence: 71%

Protective Capacity of Ice Hockey Helmets against Different Impact Events

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…15 The brain tissue material properties governing this model are reported in Tables 3 and 4. 14,15 The UCDBTM was validated by comparing brain model simulation responses against cadaver head impact experiments 11,27,39 as well as reconstructions of traumatic brain injuries. 5,34 Brain tissue deformation measures of maximum principal strain and von Mises stress were used to compare the three groups of brain injury reconstructions as these variables have been used in previous research to characterize brain injury. 4,5,18,20,43,44 An aspect-ratio check was performed on all elements of the brain model for each case simulation to identify erroneous elements that were overly distorted as a result of issues with software formulations.…”

Section: University College Dublin Brain Trauma Model (Ucdbtm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In previous research, a MADYMO human body model was set-up in a manner guided by information determined from medical report forms to best simulate the head and body kinematics for fall incidents. 5,6,34 For the purpose of obtaining inbound head impact velocity in this study, a representative MADYMO human body model simulation was used to estimate the final head kinematics in the fall cases. The variable of interest from these simulations was inbound head velocity, which was then set as the inbound velocity for physical reconstruction.…”

Section: Subdural Hematoma (Sdh) Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, research employing injury reconstruction has linked metrics such as peak linear and rotational acceleration and brain tissue stress and strain with the risk of brain injury. 5,6,18,20,34,43,44 Past research examining concussive injury has primarily focused on head impacts resulting in injury and non-injury events. 31,44 This research was conducted using anthropometric dummy reconstructions of player-to-player helmeted head impacts in professional American…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,18,20,40,42 Accident reconstruction in which the injury outcome is known provides an opportunity for researchers to study the link between measurable parameters of the impact and the resulting injury. 5,6,34 This approach involves obtaining a detailed description of the injurious event, reconstructing the event under controlled laboratory conditions, using physical or numerical surrogates to represent the human head, and analyzing the results of the reconstruction. 28,34 Injury reconstruction provides information regarding the head dynamic response and brain tissue deformation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A comparison of head dynamic response and brain tissue stress and strain using accident reconstructions for concussion, concussion with persistent postconcussive symptoms, and subdural hematoma

Oeur

Karton

Post

et al. 2015

JNS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective:Concussions typically resolve within a few days however in a few cases the symptoms last for a month or longer and are termed persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS) with more serious brain trauma resulting in bleeds, such as subdural hematoma (SDH). Dynamic response and brain tissue deformation characteristics may provide a means of distinguishing between these three types of injuries. Methods:Reconstruction cases were recruited from sports medicine clinics and hospitals along with medical reports, video footage, and medical imaging. All subjects received a direct blow to the head resulting in head trauma symptoms, those that resolved in 9 days were termed concussions, those with symptoms longer than 18 months were PPCS and those presenting with subdural hematoma (SDH). An anthropometric dummy headform was dropped onto various impact surfaces using a monorail drop rig. Headform dynamic response data was collected and used as input into the University College Dublin Brain Trauma Model to obtain maximum principal strain and von Mises stress. Results:Both linear and rotational acceleration of the head increased in magnitude with an increase in injury severity (from concussion, to PPCS, and SDH). The PPCS group had peak resultant rotational accelerations similar to SDH and significantly higher than concussions. There were no significant differences for peak resultant linear accelerations between the two concussion groups however they were both significantly lower than the SDH group. Brain tissue deformation measures however, did not follow the same trend as dynamic response and resulted with SDH having the lowest values of stress and strain. PPCS had significantly higher values of strain than the SDH group, where both the concussion and PPCS groups had significantly higher stress values than the SDH group. Conclusion:This study supports the notion that there is a positive relationship between an increase in the dynamic response and the risk for more serious brain injury. Peak resultant linear acceleration may be more related to SDH meanwhile rotational acceleration may be more related to severity of concussion. Despite SDH being the more severe brain injury, on average this group 4 had the lowest values for stress and strain as compared to concussion and PPCS. Finite element analysis of the SDH injuries examined brain tissue values for the group of elements in the model than corresponded to the location of the bleed which may not be reflective of the highest values if the entire cerebrum was considered. More importantly, SDH injuries are vascular injuries and may not necessarily result in damage to the brain. In summary, this study found that the dynamic response of an impact is reflective of injury severity. Understanding the relationship between the dynamic response and the nature of the injury provides important information for developing strategies for injury prevention. 5 DefinitionsBulk Modulus -is a measure of the compressibility of a material in Pascal Decay Constant -a rate constant t...

show abstract

Effects of fall conditions and biological variability on the mechanism of skull fractures caused by falls

Hamel¹,

Llari²,

Piercecchi-Marti³

et al. 2011

Int J Legal Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In a forensic investigation, there is considerable difficulty in distinguishing between different mechanisms that could explain the head injury sustained. The key question is often whether the injury was the consequence of a fall, a blow, or a fall caused by a blow. Better understanding of the parameters influencing the mechanism of skull fracture could be of use when attempting to distinguish between different causes of injury. Numerous parameters concerning fall conditions and biological variability are reported in the literature to influence the mechanism of skull fracture. At the current time, there are no studies that investigate both the effect of a fall and biological parameters. The aim of this paper is to study the influence of these parameters on the mechanism of skull fracture using a numerical approach. We focused on accidental falls from a standing height. A multibody model was used to estimate head impact velocities and a finite element model was used to investigate the effect of the fall conditions and of biological variability on skull fracture. The results show that the mechanism of skull fractures is influenced by a combination of at least four parameters: impact velocity, impact surface, cortical thickness and cortical density.

show abstract

Three-dimensional multibody dynamics analysis of accidental falls resulting in traumatic brain injury

Cited by 24 publications

References 20 publications

Protective Capacity of Ice Hockey Helmets against Different Impact Events

Protective Capacity of Ice Hockey Helmets against Different Impact Events

A comparison of head dynamic response and brain tissue stress and strain using accident reconstructions for concussion, concussion with persistent postconcussive symptoms, and subdural hematoma

Effects of fall conditions and biological variability on the mechanism of skull fractures caused by falls

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About