Three-Dimensional Microwave Imaging for Concealed Weapon Detection Using Range Stacking Technique

Tan, Weixian; Huang, Pingping; Huang, Zengshu; Qi, Yue; Wang, Wen-Qin

doi:10.1155/2017/1480623

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…5 confirms that the quantitative accuracy is better with the SPA migration approach (23) [see Fig. 5(e) and (f)] as compared to the conventional angular spectrum representation (24) [see Fig. 5(c) and (d)].…”

Section: A Simulationsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…(a) Real and (b) imaginary parts of the permittivity using measured PSFs at all slices. (c) Real and (d) imaginary parts of the permittivity using a single measured PSF at z = 5 mm migrated to all other z positions with conventional plane-wave migration(24). (e) Real and (f) imaginary parts of the permittivity using a single measured PSF at z = 5 mm migrated to all other z positions with the proposed migration(23).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Accurate Range Migration for Fast Quantitative Fourier-Based Image Reconstruction With Monostatic Radar

Tajik

Kazemivala

Nguyen

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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Range migration (or range focusing) techniques are widely used in optical, acoustic, and microwave real-time image reconstruction methods. They have been successfully applied to far-field 3-D imaging where they rely on planewave assumptions, which ignore the data amplitude variation over the acquisition aperture. The accuracy of the plane-wave assumption, however, quickly degrades in close-range imaging, where amplitude variations are significant and where the range to the target is on the order of the range sampling step. Here, we present a range-focusing method of improved accuracy, which is applicable to both far-zone and close-range monostatic radar. It refocuses the system point-spread function (PSF) to any range location, taking into account both magnitude and phase changes. The approach can be applied with any Fourier-based imaging algorithm utilizing the Lippmann-Schwinger equation as the underlying scattering model. Here, it is validated through examples based on simulated and measured data where the images are reconstructed with quantitative microwave holography (QMH). QMH employs measured PSFs to achieve quantitative imaging in real-time. The proposed range-migration method is applicable with measured PSFs, too, leading to reduced system-calibration effort and the ability to focus an image at any desired range.

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Section: A Simulationsupporting

confidence: 60%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate Range Migration for Fast Quantitative Fourier-Based Image Reconstruction With Monostatic Radar

Tajik

Kazemivala

Nguyen

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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show abstract

“…Areas of heavy metals are dark whereas areas of light elements absorb energy in low amount. Wixian Tan.et al [5] has researched Range Stacking Technique for Three-Dimensional Microwave Imaging to detect concealed weapon.3D range stacking algorithm deals with the compensation of losses due to propagation, reconstruction of wave front, and aliasing mitigating and no occurance of interpolations. The algorithm is based on the multiplication of the reference signal spectrum at each specific range bin, headed by the coherent summation for the whole frequency band.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

AAGC-Autonomous Armed Guard Companion

Deepak

Kumar²,

Gokulakrishna³

2018

IJET

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Technology has revolutionized human world over the past centuries. The world has started to move towards the autonomous world. However, in terms of security and safety of humans from antisocial threat person, technology has not achieved its peak in providing autonomous system. Places such as airport, railways stations, and malls are well secured either by metal detectors or by manual scrutiny. Moreover, the current scenario demands a very high security in common places such as hospital, schools, and community halls where manual security checks might not be possible. In this work an autonomous system is developed to detect and track concealed weapons with potential to stop the threat person before causing any harm or danger. The system achieves its task by carrying out three main functions in a sequential order. A microwave sensor and metal detector together detects the concealed weapon by means of the Doppler shift in the radiation and eddy currents induced in the metal respectively. Secondly, the output voltage from the microwave senor is processed by a microcontroller. Lastly, a DC motor attached with a laser pointer, receives input from microcontroller such that rotates in a direction pointing the concealed weapon.

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“…Close-range imaging systems based on a monostatic configuration have been studied in many works [ 7 , 11 , 13 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 32 , 36 , 38 ]. Most of the studies neglected the amplitude terms of both incident and scattered spherical waves for simplicity [ 11 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 32 , 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Accurate Millimeter-Wave Imaging Algorithm for Close-Range Monostatic System

Nie

Lin

Meng

et al. 2023

Sensors

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An efficient and more accurate millimeter-wave imaging algorithm, applied to a close-range monostatic personnel screening system, with consideration of dual path propagation loss, is presented in this paper. The algorithm is developed in accordance with a more rigorous physical model for the monostatic system. The physical model treats incident waves and scattered waves as spherical waves with a more rigorous amplitude term as per electromagnetic theory. As a result, the proposed method can achieve a better focusing effect for multiple targets in different range planes. Since the mathematical methods in classical algorithms, such as spherical wave decomposition and Weyl identity, cannot handle the corresponding mathematical model, the proposed algorithm is derived through the method of stationary phase (MSP). The algorithm has been validated by numerical simulations and laboratory experiments. Good performance in terms of computational efficiency and accuracy has been observed. The synthetic reconstruction results show that the proposed algorithm has significant advantages compared with the classical algorithms, and the reconstruction by using full-wave data generated by FEKO further verifies the validity of the proposed algorithm. Finally, the proposed algorithm performs as expected over real data acquired by our laboratory prototype.

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Three-Dimensional Microwave Imaging for Concealed Weapon Detection Using Range Stacking Technique

Cited by 26 publications

References 25 publications

Accurate Range Migration for Fast Quantitative Fourier-Based Image Reconstruction With Monostatic Radar

Accurate Range Migration for Fast Quantitative Fourier-Based Image Reconstruction With Monostatic Radar

AAGC-Autonomous Armed Guard Companion

An Accurate Millimeter-Wave Imaging Algorithm for Close-Range Monostatic System

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