Three‐dimensional mapping of soil salinity in the southern coastal area of Laizhou Bay, China

Abstract

Soil salinization is an important driver of land degradation and has been a major factor inhibiting agricultural production and development in the southern coastal area of Laizhou Bay. In this study, 3‐D and 2‐D geostatistics were respectively used to evaluate the spatial distribution of soil salinity and groundwater total dissolved solids (TDS) and depth. Results showed that soil electrical conductivity differed greatly within the same soil layer, and the difference in average electrical conductivity of different soil layers was relatively small. The mean value of TDS exceeded 3.0 g L−1 and the mean value of groundwater depth was 13.359 m. The geographic distribution showed that the soil salinity gradually decreased from the north to the south horizontally, and the soil salinity showed a bottom accumulation tendency vertically. Over 90% of the study area has TDS values exceeding 1.0 g L−1, and approximately one‐third of the area had a groundwater depth less than 3.0 m. TDS and groundwater depth had good correlations with soil salinity, with coefficients of determination of 0.544 and 0.572, respectively. Changes in vegetation corresponded to changes in soil salinity. Soil salinity gradually decreased perpendicular to coastal lines in tidal flats without vegetative coverage to inland agricultural areas of wheat and vegetables. Soil salinization in the study area is mainly slight and moderate. Reasonable regional management measures are conducive to improving land economic benefits. The results provide a theoretical basis and reference for the partition, improvement, management of saline soil, and support for land degradation control.

Managing soils and crops for sustainable agricultural intensification in coastal saline zones

“…• ISCM improved soil quality by lowering soil pH and Na + , and increasing SOC. Srivastava, & Bird, 2017;Cheng et al, 2015;Liu, Xu et al, 2018). Suboptimal crop management may hamper the functions of soil remediation, and dampen local farmers' enthusiasm for the procedures (Cuevas, Daliakopoulos, del Moral, Hueso, & Tsanis, 2019;Jensen, Schjønning, Christensen, & Munkholm, 2017;Pan, Zhang, He, Chen, & Cui, 2019).…”

Towards sustainable agriculture for the salt‐affected soil

“…Lu et al (2018) analyzed periphyton potential roles for salt and nutrient management in degraded mudflats from coastal reclamation, enriching mudflat ecology. Liu et al () applied remote sensing technology for the three‐dimensional mapping of soil salinity by taking Laizhou Bay, China, as an example, providing an efficient way to monitor salt dynamics on a larger scale. Gao et al () first time analyzed the linkage among land use, streamflow‐sediment fluxes, and land degradation changes in the Yellow River Delta across more than 30 years, providing comprehensive insights into land quality and land degradation dynamics.…”

“…Luo et al (2018) examined the maize and grass vegetation systems in reclaiming saline-sodic soils in the Songnen Plain of northeast China, providing an efficient way to copy with the saline-sodic soils. Lu et al (2018) analyzed periphyton potential roles for salt and nutrient management in degraded mudflats from coastal reclamation, enriching mudflat ecology. Liu et al (2018) applied remote sensing technology for the three-dimensional mapping of soil salinity by taking Laizhou Bay, China, as an example, providing an efficient way to monitor salt dynamics on a larger scale.…”

“…Lu et al (2018) analyzed periphyton potential roles for salt and nutrient management in degraded mudflats from coastal reclamation, enriching mudflat ecology. Liu et al (2018) applied remote sensing technology for the three-dimensional mapping of soil salinity by taking Laizhou Bay, China, as an example, providing an efficient way to monitor salt dynamics on a larger scale. Gao et al (2018)…”

LIBS and FTIR-ATR spectroscopy studies of mineral-organic associations in salinized soil

“…Soil salinization adversely affects the physical, chemical, and biological processes of soil, which leads to land degradation and productivity loss (Liu et al, 2018;Sidike et al, 2014;Zovko et al, 2018). The identification of salt-affected soil processes and assessment of the degree of salinization are essential for sustainable agricultural management (Daliakopoulos et al, 2016;Farifteh et al, 2008).…”