Three-dimensional interferometric inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging of maneuvering target based on the joint cross modified Wigner-Ville distribution

Abstract

Abstract. Inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) can achieve high-resolution two-dimensional images of maneuvering targets. However, due to the indeterminate relative motion between radar and target, ISAR imaging does not provide the three-dimensional (3-D) position information of a target and suffers from great difficulty in target recognition. To tackle this issue, a 3-D interferometric ISAR (InISAR) imaging algorithm based on the joint cross modified Wigner-Ville distribution (MWVD) is presented to form 3-D images of maneuvering targets. First, we form two orthogonal interferometric baselines with three receiving antennas to establish an InISAR imaging system. Second, after the uniform range alignment and phase adjustment, the joint cross MWVD is used for all range cell of each antenna pair to generate the separation of the scatterer as well as preserve the phase that contains position information of the scatterer. At last, the 3-D images of the target can be directly reconstructed from the distribution. Simulation results demonstrate the validity of the proposal.

Three-Dimensional Interferometric ISAR Imaging Algorithm Based on Cross Coherence Processing

“…For a 3D InISAR imaging algorithm based on the joint cross modified Wigner–Ville distribution (jc-MWVD) in [ 30 ], its implementation procedure in a certain range cell included the defined symmetric cross-correlation function , scaled transform , and Fourier transform . Obviously, the computational cost of the algorithm proposed in [ 30 ] is on the order of .…”

“…A previous attempt to estimate IPP information in advance has been conducted, but its applicability and effectiveness are not confirmed [ 11 ]. To radically solve the problem of interpreting 2D ISAR images and support automatic target classification and recognition (ATC/ATR), 3D imaging techniques have emerged and motivated the development of various configurations of 3D ISAR imaging systems [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. These methods for creating 3D ISAR images can be mainly divided into three different categories.…”

“…In order to acquire fine spatial resolution, a very wide antenna aperture and a large number of antenna elements are necessary, which undoubtedly increases the complexity of the radar system and causes difficulties in signal processing. The third variety of method is interferometric imaging techniques that achieve 3D target reconstruction by combining interferometric processing with ISAR processing [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 29 , 30 ]. In comparison with the aforementioned methods, both the InISAR system and signal processing are easier to realize.…”

“…In the above two references, emphasis was also placed on target motion compensation and motion error, which is of great value for practical applications. In [ 29 , 30 ], time-frequency transform (TFT) and clean technique were used to achieve 3D reconstruction of targets with nonsevere maneuverability. In [ 23 ], 3D InISAR imaging combining bistatic configuration with compressive sensing (CS) was proposed, which was especially useful for ship targets, whereas a bistatic radar system on its own was subject to synchronization error.…”

Bayesian 3‐D interferometric ISAR imaging for the targets with limited pulses

“…Three‐dimensional (3‐D) interference inverse synthetic aperture radar (InISAR) imaging has been widely studied because it can reconstruct the geometric distribution of the target via the phase difference in multiple 2‐D ISAR images to extract the coordinate information of the scatterers [1–3]. In order to reconstruct the target's 3‐D image as completely as possible, it is required that the scatterers on the target should be resolved as much as possible within the imaging projection plane, which means the high‐resolution ISAR images are needed.…”