Three-dimensional interaction force and tunneling current spectroscopy of point defects on rutile TiO2(110)

Abstract

FIG. 4. Tunneling barrier height map corresponding to the region of the TiO 2 surface covered in the 3D-AFM/STM data set.

Multi-Channel Exploration of O Adatom on TiO2(110) Surface by Scanning Probe Microscopy

“…Thus, tunneling current dramatically decreases, and the contrast of O ad becomes a dark spot in < I t > image. The bright spot marked by an oval circle is due to subsurface defects, which was not probed in Figure 4 a, ever reported by our group or other groups [ 19 , 22 ]. Figure 4 c is the ∆ f image and Figure 4 d is the corresponding tunneling current image, recorded in the constant height mode.…”

“…Local density of states (LDOS) gives significant information of the electronic structure of the surface, which is measured by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Combining AFM/STM techniques has been developed to investigate the surface structure and LDOS [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Simultaneous measurement of tunneling current and LCPD is useful to explore the surface properties and surface reaction process, but it cannot be achieved by the conventional KPFM due to the regulation of DC bias voltage.…”

Design of Commercial Building Complex Based on 3D Landscape Interaction

“…Commerce. rough the technical means of three-dimensional animation, artworks that show the vividness, aesthetics, creativity, and emotion of three-dimensional dynamic images from all angles [27]. e prospect of urban three-dimensional commercial performance in practical commercial application is still very broad.…”

Atomic Scale Three-Dimensional Au Nanocluster on a Rutile TiO2 (110) Surface Resolved by Atomic Force Microscopy

“…In particular, scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) has succeeded in resolving the atomic features of metal NCs on insulating films. − Such research provides a fundamental understanding of this atomic feature of Au NCs and valuable insights into a wide range of catalytic phenomena. However, the contrast mechanism of STM is predominantly related to the density of electronic states; therefore, it might be slightly different from the real-space configuration. , Atomic force microscopy (AFM), as a viable alternative, has been used to provide images at the bond level of molecules and the internal structure of an adsorbate on various surfaces. − In particular, the use of a constant height mode − and a vertical mapping method , are known to provide high-spatial resolution images. For example, a three-dimensional structure of the (1 × 2) reconstructed phase and intrinsic subsurface point defects have been investigated using the constant height mode and vertical mapping method on a rutile TiO 2 (110) surface.…”

“…However, the contrast mechanism of STM is predominantly related to the density of electronic states; therefore, it might be slightly different from the real-space configuration. , Atomic force microscopy (AFM), as a viable alternative, has been used to provide images at the bond level of molecules and the internal structure of an adsorbate on various surfaces. − In particular, the use of a constant height mode − and a vertical mapping method , are known to provide high-spatial resolution images. For example, a three-dimensional structure of the (1 × 2) reconstructed phase and intrinsic subsurface point defects have been investigated using the constant height mode and vertical mapping method on a rutile TiO 2 (110) surface. However, they are still inadequate for studying three-dimensional metal NCs at atomic resolution because of a slight deformation during scanning. , In addition, the observation of a three-dimensional metal NC on a metal oxide surface has not been carried out experimentally until now, although an atomically resolved metal NC can intrinsically provide the opportunity to fully understand how a metal NC interacts with an oxide surface and performs an extraordinarily strong catalysis on a system. − In this study, we used a detuning imaging (DI) mode that is based on the AFM technique to achieve an atomic scale resolution of images of a Au NC on a rutile TiO 2 (110) surface.…”