Three-dimensional imaging of carbonyl sulfide and ethyl iodide photodissociation using the pixel imaging mass spectrometry camera

Amini, Kasra; Blake, S.; Brouard, M.; Burt, Michael; Halford, E.; Lauer, Alexandra; Slater, Craig S.; Lee, J. W. L.; Vallance, Claire

doi:10.1063/1.4934544

Cited by 35 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…1. The light emitted from the phosphor screen was recorded with the Pixel Imaging Mass Spectrometry (PImMS) camera [Nomerotski 2010, Sedgwick 2012, Amini 2015, a timestamping camera that records the hit position and arrival time of up to four events per pixel in a given time-of-flight cycle. For each pixel, events were stored in one of four registers, which were read out on a shot-by-shot basis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experiment was performed using a doubled-sided velocity map imaging spectrometer [Strüder 2010, Rolles 2014 for simultaneous detection of the electron and ion momentum distributions. The application of the Pixel Imaging Mass Spectrometry (PImMS) camera [Nomerotski 2010, Sedgwick 2012, Amini 2015 on the ion side allowed the simultaneous detection of the position and arrival time of up to four charged particles per pixel and per acquisition cycle, therefore providing the momentum distributions of all ions produced in a given laser/FEL shot within a single measurement. Because the FEL has a low repetition rate but high pulse energy, which means that a large number of ions are produced within a single FEL shot, the combination of the PImMS camera with a VMI spectrometer offer experimental capabilities that are hard to achieve otherwise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alignment, orientation, and Coulomb explosion of difluoroiodobenzene studied with the pixel imaging mass spectrometry (PImMS) camera

Amini

Boll

Lauer

et al. 2017

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Laser-induced adiabatic alignment and mixed-field orientation of 2,6-difluoroiodobenzene (C6H3F2I) molecules are probed by Coulomb explosion imaging following either near-infrared strong-field ionization or extreme-ultraviolet multi-photon inner-shell ionization using free-electron laser pulses. The resulting photoelectrons and fragment ions are captured by a double-sided velocity map imaging spectrometer and projected onto two position-sensitive detectors. The ion side of the spectrometer is equipped with the Pixel Imaging Mass Spectrometry (PImMS) camera, a timestamping pixelated detector that can record the hit positions and arrival times of up to four ions per pixel per acquisition cycle. Thus, the time-of-flight trace and ion momentum distributions for all fragments can be recorded simultaneously. We show that we can obtain a high degree of one-and three-dimensional alignment and mixedfield orientation, and compare the Coulomb explosion process induced at both wavelengths. 2 IntroductionUltrafast lasers provide opportunities to image molecular dynamics taking place on the femtosecond timescale [Baumert 1991, Zewail 2000, Chergui 2009. Table-top Ti:Sapphire laser systems are the most commonly used ultrafast laser systems, producing radiation in the near-infrared (NIR) range. High-intensity femtosecond NIR pulses can rapidly remove several valence electrons from a molecule, producing a multiply charged molecular ion that explodes due to the Coulomb repulsion between its components. The resulting recoil velocities and directions of the product ions depend on the position of the atoms in the molecule before ionization, and consequently can provide structural information about the molecule [Vager 1989, Stapelfeldt 1995, Posthumus 1996, Hishikawa 1998, Sanderson 1999. They can also be used to determine the orientation of molecules in the laboratory frame, for example, to probe the degree of molecular alignment induced by intense laser fields [Stapelfeldt 2003], or to probe structural changes of the molecule in time-resolved experiments [Legare 2005, Hishikawa 2007, Matsuda 2011, Bocharova 2011, Ibrahim 2014, Christensen 2014.Absorption of extreme ultraviolet (XUV) and soft X-ray photons can also induce Coulomb explosion when the resulting inner-shell ionization is followed by an Auger process that leads to a multiply charged molecular ion [Muramatsu 2002, Ueda 2005, Ullrich 2012, Erk 2014, Murphy 2014, Ablikim 2016, Ablikim 2017. Free-electron lasers (FELs) produce extremely intense (>10 12 photons/pulse) and ultrashort (few to few hundred fs) pulses of XUV and X-ray radiation [Ackermann 2007, Shintake 2008, Emma 2010, Allaria 2012, Ishikawa 2012, unlocking opportunities to probe ultrafast processes in gas-phase molecules through time-resolved Coulomb explosion imaging experiments [Johnsson 2009, Jiang 2010, Ullrich 2012, Schnorr 2013, Rouzee 2013, Erk 2014, Schnorr 2014, Fang 2014, Rudenko 2015, Liekhus 2015, Picon 2015, Lehmann 2016, Boll 2016. A good understanding of the Coulomb explosion of polyatomic...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alignment, orientation, and Coulomb explosion of difluoroiodobenzene studied with the pixel imaging mass spectrometry (PImMS) camera

Amini

Boll

Lauer

et al. 2017

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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“…[26] for time-resolved data from butadiene, and Ref. [11] for UV photolysis of C 2 H 5 I in the energy domain. Additionally, further experiments will be required to probe the laser power dependence of the various fragment channels, thus allowing the separation of higher-order processes involving absorption of more than two photons.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typically 2D images are obtained, from which the full 3D distribution can be easily reconstructed if cylindrical symmetry is maintained. A careful comparison of this type of conventional ion imaging with PImMS has previously been made [11]. For full 3D imaging without the requirement of cylindrical symmetry, one can also employ tomographic techniques [48][49][50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, the PImMS camera has been demonstrated in a range of applications, including multi-mass imaging [2], 3D ion imaging [11], Coulomb-explosion imaging of aligned molecules [12,13] and for time-resolved ion imaging experiments at the FLASH free-electron laser [14]. Herein, preliminary work combining the PImMS camera with a velocity-map imaging (VMI) spectrometer coupled to a femtosecond (fs) vacuum ultra-violet (VUV) source is described, demonstrating fs time-resolved multimass ion imaging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Time-resolved multi-mass ion imaging: femtosecond UV-VUV pump-probe spectroscopy with the PImMS camera

Hockett¹,

Forbes²,

Makhija³

et al.

Authorea

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The Pixel-Imaging Mass Spectrometry (PImMS) camera allows for 3D charged particle imaging measurements, in which the particle time-of-flight is recorded along with (x, y) position. Coupling the PImMS camera to an ultrafast pump-probe velocity-map imaging spectroscopy apparatus therefore provides a route to time-resolved multi-mass ion imaging, with both high count rates and large dynamic range, thus allowing for rapid measurements of complex photofragmentation dynamics. Furthermore, the use of vacuum ultraviolet wavelengths for the probe pulse allows for an enhanced observation window for the study of excited state molecular dynamics in small polyatomic molecules having relatively high ionization potentials. Herein, preliminary time-resolved multi-mass imaging results from C2F3I photolysis are presented. The experiments utilized femtosecond UV and VUV (160.8 nm and 267 nm) pump and probe laser pulses in order to demonstrate and explore this new time-resolved experimental ion imaging configuration. The data indicates the depth and power of this measurement modality, with a range of photofragments readily observed, and many indications of complex underlying wavepacket dynamics on the excited state(s) prepared.

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A Novel Design for Multi-fragment Momentum Imaging with Polarization-Time Tagging

Okino,

Midorikawa

2024

Topics in Applied Physics

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Three-dimensional imaging of carbonyl sulfide and ethyl iodide photodissociation using the pixel imaging mass spectrometry camera

Cited by 35 publications

References 83 publications

Alignment, orientation, and Coulomb explosion of difluoroiodobenzene studied with the pixel imaging mass spectrometry (PImMS) camera

Alignment, orientation, and Coulomb explosion of difluoroiodobenzene studied with the pixel imaging mass spectrometry (PImMS) camera

Time-resolved multi-mass ion imaging: femtosecond UV-VUV pump-probe spectroscopy with the PImMS camera

A Novel Design for Multi-fragment Momentum Imaging with Polarization-Time Tagging

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