Three-Dimensional Human Gait Pattern: Reference Data for Young, Active Women Walking with Low, Preferred, and High Speeds

Abstract

Normal gait pattern is the key component in the investigation of pathological gait patterns. In computer motion analysis there is a need to include data from participants with different somatic structures to develop a normative database or to limit the database results to a specific population. The aim of this study was to determine kinematic gait patterns for young, active women walking with low, preferred, and self-selected speeds with regard to their somatic characteristics. Laboratory-based gait analysis was performed on 1320 gait cycles taken from 20 young, active women walking with three different speeds. Comprehensive anthropometric measurements and descriptive statistics were used to describe spatiotemporal and angular variables at each walking condition. The results demonstrated some significant differences in young, active women walking between different speeds and compared to the literature. This suggests that there is a need to include data from participants with different somatic structures to develop a normative database or limit the database results to a specific population. Detailed linear and angular kinematic variables allow for proper adjustment of parameters depending on the gait speed of people with locomotion disorders.

Análise cinemática da marcha com medidas normalizadas e não-normalizadas em indivíduos hígidos: um estudo experimental

“…Nossos resultados de valores médios para CPAS em VAS (Tabela I) estão de acordo com a literatura [7,22,23,24,25,26,27,28], apesar de haver certa dissonância com alguns estudos [29,30]. Ao aumentarmos a velocidade, percebemos que o CP também aumenta (Figura 1 A-B e Tabela II).…”

“…Desta forma, vimos que a velocidade da marcha está diretamente relacionada ao comprimento da passada. Essa relação também é percebida em outros trabalhos, nos quais se evidencia além de tal relação, outras como a entre a velocidade da marcha e a cadência e duração do passo, confirmando que ao aumentar a velocidade, temos um aumento do CP [9,24,25,31,32,33]. Em algumas patologias, podemos perceber essa relação, ao ponto que os indivíduos apresentam menor VAS e, com isso, CP reduzido [5,25,28,34,35].…”

Prevalence of Outward Deviation of Feet in Human Gait: A Non-Participant Observation

“…Human locomotion admits great variation, plasticity, and subtle differences in gait, style, speed and endurance [12]. There is a need to include data from participants with different somatic structures to develop a normative database or a need to limit the database results to a specific population [13]. Much lower prevalence of ODF among children and highest prevalence of ODF among older adults increases the curiosity to know if ODF is an acquired biomechanical fault from adolescence that progressively worsens with age if neglected or untreated but the variables responsible can always be identified through experimental studies.…”

Changes in Gait Variables in Patients with Intermittent Claudication

“…Pharmacological treatment of IC does not have a significant effect on gait impairments [36, 37]. A number of reviews have reported the influence of exercise therapy for the treatment of patients with IC [25, 38–45]. Gommans et al [38, 39] suggested that supervised exercise therapy led to a larger improvement in walking distance than other forms of exercise therapy.…”

“…All devices performed synchronous measurements of the variables. Twenty-two photoreflective markers were attached to the body of the study participant according to the Davis model [1, 2, 25]. The research stations contained software: BTS Smart Capture, data collection; Smart Tracker, marker tracking; and Smart Analyzer, analysis and data processing.…”