Three-Dimensional Graphene Oxide Nanostructure for Fast and Efficient Water-Soluble Dye Removal

Abstract

In this study, we demonstrated the potential of graphene nanomaterials as environmental pollutant adsorbents by utilizing the characteristics of ultralarge surface area and strong π-π interaction on the surface. We generated a three-dimensional (3D) graphene oxide sponge (GO sponge) from a GO suspension through a simple centrifugal vacuum evaporation method, and used them to remove both the methylene blue (MB) and methyl violet (MV) dyes which are main contaminants from the dye manufacturing and textile finishing. The efficiency and speed of dye adsorption on a GO sponge was investigated under various parameters such as contact time, stirring speed, temperature, and pH. The adsorption process shows that 99.1% of MB and 98.8% of MV have been removed and the equilibrium status has been reached in 2 min. The 3D GO sponge displays adsorption capacity as high as 397 and 467 mg g(-1) for MB and MV dye, respectively, and the kinetic data reveal that the adsorption process of MB and MV dyes is well-matched with the pseudo second-order model. The MB and MV adsorption on the 3D GO sponge involved in endothermic chemical adsorption through the strong π-π stacking and anion-cation interaction with the activation energy of 50.3 and 70.9 kJ mol(-1), respectively. The 3D GO sponge has demonstrated its high capability as an organic dye scavenger with high speed and efficiency.

Environmental applications using graphene composites: water remediation and gas adsorption

“…3D reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite materials have also been employed as adsorbents for water purication; these materials have been shown to be effective in the removal of dyes as well as other organic contaminants. [32][33][34][35] 2.1.1 Adsorption of ionic pollutants. Ionic pollutants exist in polluted water in mainly two forms (i) metal ions such as arsenic, mercury, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, selenium, lead and (ii) nonmetal ions such as uoride, phosphate, nitrate, and sulphide.…”

“…The use of 3D graphene-based materials as adsorbents has been extended to the removal of dyes. 32,34 The advantage in using these 3D graphene-based materials is that they can be separated from solution easily, without magnetic or centrifugation separation, thereby making them easily regenerable and reusable.…”

Hybrid Monolith of Graphene/TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofiber as Mechanically Robust, Highly Functional, and Recyclable Adsorbent of Methylene Blue Dye

“…Among the various treatment techniques such as biological treatment [4], ozone oxidation [4], catalytic degradation [5], photocatalytic oxidation [6], coagulation and flocculation [3], nanofiltration membrane [7], and unsaturated polyester resins [8], adsorption is the most attractive due to competency for variety of organic dyes, insensitivity to toxic pollutants [9], efficiency for low concentration range [10], easiness of operating, and being economical process [9,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Carbon materials in the form of activated carbon are historically dominant for dye decontamination in view of chemical stability, high surface area, and functional active sites [16,20,[22][23][24][25][26].…”

“…Carbon materials in the form of activated carbon are historically dominant for dye decontamination in view of chemical stability, high surface area, and functional active sites [16,20,[22][23][24][25][26]. Recently, graphene oxide (GO) produced by soft chemistry techniques arouse as highly efficient [10,15,21,[27][28][29] and low cost carbon nanoadsorbent [11,30] followed by various carbon materials including single/or multiwall carbon nanotubes, since it owns many superior properties such as large theoretical surface area (2630 m 2 /g) [31], mechanical flexibility, high charge carrier mobility, and chemical stability [32]. Apart from high efficiency, simple and economical recollection cannot be overlooked as well, in view of recontamination through introduction of nanohazard after treatment.…”

Selective Adsorption and Photocatalytic Degradation of Dyes Using Polyoxometalate Hybrid Supported on Magnetic Activated Carbon Nanoparticles under Sunlight, Visible, and UV Irradiation

“…Consequently, treatment of dye-contaminated wastewaters with decontamination processes is necessary before their discharge. Adsorption of dyes on inexpensive and efficient solid supports especially on activated carbon (AC) and AC composites is one of the simplest and most economical methods for removing dyes from wastewater [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]; however, the disposal of residues is still a problem. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are widely accepted as an efficient method for dye-contaminated wastewater due to complete degradation of organics into carbon dioxide and water.…”